初中英语 句子成分及五种基本句型.pptx

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1、句子成分及句型MembersandStructuresofaSentenceImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语Membersofasentence主语subject谓语predicate宾语object表语predicative宾补complement定语attribute状语adverbial同位语appositive句子的主干成分：句子的次要成分：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”1.主语GinaisfromAust

2、ralia.Sheoftengoestothemovies.Threeisenough.Doingtheworkishardforhim.Toseeistobelieve.-名词-代词-数词-动名词-不定式Whatyouseeisnotthefact.主语从句主语在哪里Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.Tomdidn'tdohishomeworkyesterday.Whathehassaidistrue.Seeingisbelieving.句首Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hisjob

3、istotrainswimmers.3.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.4.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.5.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.形式主语挑出下列句中的主语表示主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态,说明主语“做什么”或“怎么样”,谓语通常是动词。主谓要一致2.谓语WeloveChina.Hehasabadcold.JanelovesChina.Wehavefinishedreadingthisb

4、ook.谓语在哪里TheycanspeakEnglishwell.助动词和情态动词须和实义动词一起构成谓语Helookedaftertwoboys.Theyenjoyedplayingcomputergames.主语的后面A.简单谓语：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.Hereadsnewspaperseveryday.B.复合谓语①由情态动词或其他助动词加动词构成。1.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.2.Hedidn’tattendthemeetingyesterday.情态动词：

5、canmaywillcouldshould…助动词：be+doinghave/hasdonedo,does,did,don't,didn't由一个动词或动词短语构成。如何变成一般疑问句？1.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.2.Mysisteriscryingoverthere.3.Ihavebeenwaitingforyouallthetime.4.Iwouldstayathomeallday.5.Hashecomeback?6.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.挑出下列句中谓语表示动

6、作或行为的对象说明主语“做什么”3.宾语CanIasksomequestions?Heislookingatthedog.Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomework.A      B     CD宾语在哪里Iboughtacomputerlastweek.ABCD宾语一般放在及物动词或介词后宾语TomteachesusEnglish.双宾语Hegavemesomebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.及物动词和不及物动词Isawhimlastweek.Theyeatbreadeveryday.She

7、smiledhappily.Theylaughedloudly.Shelookattheblackboardcarefully.Helistenedtohisteacherinclass.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:挑出下列句中的宾语①Mybrotherhasn’tdonehishomewrk.②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?⑤Someofthe

8、studentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming.⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.说明主语“是什么”,“怎么样”位于系动词之