导学案：形式主语和形式宾语.doc

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1、导学案形式主语和形式宾语【语言感知】把下列句子译成汉语1.ItisuncertainwhetherhecancometoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.2.It’sapitythatyoumissedtheexcitingfootballmatch.3.Itisreportedthat16peoplewerekilledintheearthquake.4.Itseemedthathedidn’ttellthetruth.5.It’snecessaryfortheyoungto

2、mastertwoforeignlanguage.6.It’sverykindofyoutohelpmewiththework.=Youarekindtohelpme.7.Itisnotagoodhabittostayuptoolate.8.It’sawasteoftimetalkingtoheranymore.9.Ittooktheworkersalmostthreeyearstofinishbuildingthedam.10.Hefounditdifficulttostopsmoking11

3、.Ithinkitbestthatyoushoulddomoreexercise.12.Shethoughtitnogoodworryingabouthim.【合作探究】形式主语或形式宾语指的是：当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语或宾语时，为保持句子结构前后平衡，避免头重脚轻，因此常用it作形式主语或形式宾语置于句首或句中动词之后，而将真正的主语或宾语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。主要有:一、it作形式主语It作形式主语的常见句型：①It+be+形容词+t

4、odosth./doing/that….e.g.Itisveryimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.(学一门外语非常重要。)Itisuselesscryingoverthespiltmilk.(覆水难收。)Itwasreallysurprisingthatshemarriedamanlikethat.(她嫁给那样的男士真让人惊讶。)②It+be+名词词组+doing/that….e.g.Itisnogoodtellinglies.(撒谎没好处。)Itisapityt

5、hatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilmyesterday.(你昨天没看成那部电影真遗憾。)ItisatruththattherewouldbenonewChinawithouttheCommunistParty.(没有共产党就没有新中国，这是毋庸质疑的。)③It+be+过去分词+that….该句型常见动词有：say,hope,think,suppose,expect,report,know,believe,decide,etc.e.g.Itissaidthattheyhaveinv

6、entedanewtypeofcomputer.(据说他们发明了一种新型电脑。)ItisbelievedthatChinawillbecomeoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.(大家都相信中国将会步入世界强国之列。)Itwasreportedthatmorethan170thousandpeoplediedinthe2004tsunami.(据报道，至少有十七万人在2004年那场海啸中丧生。)④It+seems/appears/happens等不及物动词+

7、that….e.g.Itseemsthatheenjoyspopsongsverymuch.(似乎他非常喜欢流行歌曲。)ItappearsthatTommightchangehismind.(看来汤姆可能会改变主意。)⑤若句子是疑问形式，就只能用it作形式主语。e.g.Doesitmattermuchthattheywon’tcometomorrow?(他们明天不来很重要吗？)Isittruethathewillgoabroadnextweek?(他下周出国是真的吗？)第4页共4页导学案⑥It+

8、takes+(sb.)+sometime+todosth.这是一个表示“(某人)花多少时间干某事”的句型，其中it是形式主语，代替后面的不定式(todosth.)，句型中的sb.也可以省略。e.g.Ittookmesometimetoreadthereadingmaterials.(我花了一些时间才读完那段阅读材料。)IttookhimfourteenhourstogotoNewZealandfromShanghaibyplane.(从上海乘飞机去新西兰花了他14小时。)Howlongdoesi