小流域尺度土壤物理特征时空差异及其对大豆初期生长影响-论文.pdf

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1、第32卷第2期大豆科学Vo1．32No．22013拒4月SOYBEANSCIENCEApr．2013小流域尺度土壤物理特征时空差异及其对大豆初期生长影响曾昭霞，刘孝利，姜红梅(1．中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所／亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室，湖南长沙410125；2．湖南农业大学资源环境学院，湖南长沙410128；3．兰州大学资源环境学院，甘肃兰州730000)摘要：中国东北典型黑土区农业小流域的微地形特征对土壤物理特性、作物初期生长呈现显著影响。研究将东北黑土区典型农业小流域划分为3类典型景观地块：坡顶高地、坡地

2、和坡底洼地，跟踪了流域内不同景观地块土壤物理性质时空差异及其对大豆(Glycinemax)籽粒萌发和初期生长的影响。结果表明：播种后洼地土壤耕作层土壤回温较慢，大豆籽粒萌发和幼苗高度以及发芽率明显低于坡顶高地。流域内3类典型地块的土壤容重和土壤水分在时间和空间上存在显著差异(P<0．05)。研究结果可为流域尺度农田生态系统空间差异管理的理论框架提供数据支持。关键词：小流域尺度；黑土区；土壤物理性质；大豆中图分类号：$565．1文献标识码：A文章编号：1000-9841(2013)02-0185-04Effectso

3、fTopographicalSoilPhysicalPropertiesonSoybeanInitialStageGrowthwithSmallAgriculturalWatershedScaleZENGZhao-xia，LIUXiao—li，JIANGHong—mei(1．KeyLaboratoryofAgro—ecology／InstituteofSubtropicalAgriculture，ChineseAcademyofSciences，Changsha410125，China；2．CollegeofRes

4、ourcesandEnvironment，HunanAgriculturalUniversity，Changsha410128，China；3．CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment，LanzhOUUniversity，Lanzhou730000，China)Abstract：Topographicalmicro—climatehassignificanteffectsonsoilpropertiesandcropgrowthinasmalltypicalagriculturalwater

5、shedoftheMollisol(fertileblacksoil)regionlocatedintheNortheastChina．Thequantitativecharacterizationofspatio—temporalvariabilityinsoilpropertiesandcropgrowthisanimportantcomponentforsuccessfulprecision—agricultureapplica—tionsandoptimizationmanagements，andisess

6、entialtoimprovetheresourcesutilizationeficiency．Thispaperpresentedthespatialdifferencesofsoilphysicalproperties，soybean[Glycinemax(L．)Merr．]seedgerminationsandtheinitialstagegrowthintheselectedwatershed．Thewatershedwasdividedintothreepartsincludinglowlands，slo

7、pe—landsandhighlandsaccordingtotheterrainlandscapes．Effectsofthetopographicalmicro—climateonsoilpropertiesandcropgrowthweresignificantlydiffer-entinthestudy．Thesoiltemperatureandsol1warmsupinthelowlandswassignificantlylowerandslowlythanthatinhigh—landsandslope

8、lands．Basedontheresearchresults，Wediscussedreasonablemethodsandagriculturalmanagementpracticeswithtemporal—spatialperspectivestoimprovethesoilphysicalqualityandwaterenvironment，att