网化聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备、微观结构及其储油性能.pdf

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1、第4l卷，第8期工程塑料应用Vo1．41．NO．8142013年8月ENGINEERINGPLASTICSAPPLICATIONAug．2013doi：lO．3969／j．issn．1001-3539．2013．08．003网化聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备、微观结构及其储油性能潘恒太，张广成，范晓龙，赵龙(西北工业大学理学院应用化学系，西安710129)摘要：以聚醚多元醇和甲苯二异氰酸酯为主要原材料，三乙醇胺和二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂，蒸馏水和三氟三氯乙烷为发泡剂。并加入匀泡剂和开孔剂制备软质开孔聚氨酯泡沫塑料，通过碱液水解法制备网化聚氨酯泡沫塑料。采用光学显微镜及扫描电子显微

2、镜观察泡沫塑料泡孔的微观结构，采用吸油速率和吸油率以及排油速率和油残存率表征网化聚氨酯泡沫塑料的储油能力。结果表明，通过调节两种催化剂用量可以有效控制泡沫塑料的凝胶速率和发泡速率，通过调节两种发泡剂用量可以有效控制泡沫塑料的密度及平均泡孔尺寸，通过调节匀泡弃1和开孔弃1用量可以有效控制泡沫塑料的孔径、孔径分布及开孔率。碱液浸泡时间为5min时，泡沫塑料的泡壁基本被完全除净，而泡棱保留较为完整，拉伸性能无明显下降。制备出的网化聚氨酯泡沫塑料具有良好的吸油及排油性能，有望作为储油箱填充材料使用。关键词：网化聚氨酯泡沫；制备；泡孔结构；储油性能中图分类号：TQ328．3文献标

3、识码：A文章编号：1001．3539(2013)08-0014．06Preparation，MicrostructureandOilAbsorptionBehaviorsofReticulatedPolyurethaneFoamPlasticsPanHengtai，ZhangGuangcheng，FanXiaolong，ZhaoLong(DepartmentofAppliedChemistry，SchoolofScience，NorthwesternPolytechnicalUniversity，Xi’an710129，China)Abstract：Takingthep

4、olyetherpolyolandtoluenediisocyanateasbasicrawmaterials，triethanolamineanddibutyltindilaurateascatalysts，distilledwaterandtrifluorotrichloroethaneasfoamingagents，addingfoamstabilizerandcellopener,opencellflexiblepolyurethanefoamplasticswereprepared．Thenreticulatedpolyurethanefoamplastics

5、werepreparedthroughalkalinehydrolysismethod．Themicrostructuresoffoamplasticswerecharacterizedbyopticalmicroscopeandscanningelectronmicroscope，theoilstorageabilitieswerecharacterizedbyoilabsorptionrate，absorptionratio，dischargingrateandresidualratio．Theresultsindicatesthatthefoamplasticsg

6、elandfoamingrateCanbecontrolledbychangingtheamountoftwokindsofcatalysts，thefoamplasticsdensityandaveragecellsizecanbecontrolledbychangingtheamountoftwokindsoffoamingagents，thecellsize，celldiameterdistributionandopen-cellratiocanbecontrolledbychangingtheamountoffoamstabilizerandcellopener

7、．Whenthesoakingtimeinalkalinetreatingliquidis5min，thecellwallsarealmostremovedcompletelyandthecellstrutscanbekeptintact，thetensilepropertiesdon’tdecreasesignificantly．Thereticulatedpolyurethanefoamplasticsispreparedwithgoodoilabsorptionanddischargingproperties，itisexpecte