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1、2015.6(一)PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ifyouthinkahigh-factorsunscreen(防晒霜)keepsyousafefromharmfulrays,youmaybewrong.Researchinthisweek'sNatureshowsthatwhilefactor50reducesthenumberofmelanomas(黑瘤)anddelaystheiroccurrence,itcan'tpreventthem.Melanomasarethem
2、ostaggressiveskincancers.Youhaveahigherriskifyouhaveredorblondhair,fairskin,blueorgreeneyes,orsunburneasily,orifacloserelativehashadone.Melanomasaremorecommonifyouhaveperiodicintenseexposuretothesun.Otherskincancersareincreasinglylikelywithlong-termexposure.Thereiscontinuingdebate
3、astohoweffectivesunscreenisinreducingmelanomastheevidenceisweakerthanitisforpreventingothertypesofskincancer.A2011Australianstudyof1,621peoplefoundthatpeoplerandomlyselectedtoapplysunscreendailyhadhalftherateofmelanomasofpeoplewhousedcreamasneeded.Asecondstudy,comparing1,167people
4、withmelanomasto1,101whodidn'thavethecancer,foundthatusingsunscreenroutinely,alongsideotherprotectionsuchashats,longsleevesorstayingintheshade,didgivesomeprotection.Thisstudysaidotherformsofsunprotectionnotsunscreenseemedmostbeneficial.Thestudyreliedonpeoplerememberingwhattheyhaddo
5、neovereachdecadeoftheirlives,soit'snotentirelyreliable.Butitseemsreasonabletothinksunscreengivespeopleafalsesenseofsecurityinthesun.Manypeoplealsodon'tusesunscreenproperlyapplyinginsufficientamounts,failingtoreapplyafteracoupleofhoursandstayinginthesuntoolong.Itissunburnthatismost
6、worryingrecentresearchshowsfiveepisodesofsunburnintheteenageyearsincreasestheriskofallskincancers.Thegoodnewsisthatacombinationofsunscreenandcoveringupcanreducemelanomarates,asshownbyAustralianfiguresfromtheirslip-slop-slapcampaign.Soifthereisaheatwavethissummer,itwouldbebestforus
7、,too,tosliponashirt,slopon(抹上)sunscreenandslaponahat.56.Whatispeople'scommonexpectationofahigh-factorsunscreen?(B)A.Itwilldelaytheoccurrenceofskincancer.B.Itwillprotectthemfromsunburn.C.Itwillkeeptheirskinsmoothandfair.D.Itwillworkforpeopleofanyskincolor.57.WhatdoestheresearchinNa
8、turesayaboutahigh-factorsunscreen
