非谓语动词-学生讲义.doc

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1、非谓语动词结构表一般式完成式进行式句法功能不定式主动tostudytohavestudiedtobestudying起名词、形容词、副词等作用，做主、宾、宾补、定、状被动tobestudiedtohavebeenstudied发生在谓语动词之后或与谓语动词同时发生发生在谓语动词之前与谓语动词同时发生动名词现在分词主动studyinghavingstudied起名词、形容词、副词等作用，做主、宾、宾补、定、状语等。被动beingstudiedhavingbeenstudied与谓语动词同时发生发生在谓语动词之前过去

2、分词done表被动和完成(不及物动词无被动含义)起形容词和副词作用,不作主、宾非谓语动词用法表形式作用用法区别逻辑主语复合结构不定式to+v.主、表强调具体的或一次的动作for+宾格+不定式inordertosoastotoo…tosuch…astoso…astoenoughtowhatto等宾语只能做want等某些动词的宾语定语有“将来”的意味，与修饰词多有新的动宾关系状语目的、结果或原因等补足语补充说明宾语（或主语）做过这么一回事动名现分词V+ing主、表不表示具体动作，只表示某种“属性或感觉”所有格/宾格+

3、doing宾语只能做finish等某些动词的宾语定语表示该动作是由被修饰词发出或被修饰词的用途状语时间、原因、结果、伴随行为等，表示主动。补足语强调宾语正在做某事时的情景，表示主动。过分V+ed表语相当于一个形容词，表示被动或完成。主格+分词when,while+分词定语被修饰词是该动作的承受者，或表示完成。状语时间、原因、伴随行为等，表示被动。补足语宾语（主语）是该动作的承受者，表示完成被动。考点一非谓语动词作定语1.Volunteeringgivesyouachance____________(change)

4、lives,includingyourown.(2013北京卷21改编)2.Hehadtimeforaproperbreakfastandwasthefirstreachthefactory.(2011四川卷短文改错)3.Astudyoftravelers68.__________(conduct)bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoas…saysitregularlyarrangesquickget-awayshereforpeople69._______(live)inSh

5、anghaiandHongKong.(2015全国新课标卷Ⅰ)考点二非谓语动词作状语1._________(earn)somemoneytopaythedailyexpense,Istartedtoworkinalocalcaféasawaiter.(2014上海卷26)2.Shewishedthathewasaseasy___________(please)ashermother,whowasdelightedwithperfume.(2009广东卷32)3.Anxiously,shetookthedresso

6、utofthepackageandtriediton,only_________(find)itdidn’tfit.(2014天津卷5)4.In2010,itwasestimatedthatabout400villageshopsclosed,________(urge)thelocalgovernmenttogivefinancialsupporttostrugglingshopsorset-upnewcommunitystores.(2014上海卷39)5.Marywillneverforgetthefirs

7、ttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,________(wear)sunglasses.(2012广东卷16)6.__________(spend)thepastyearasanexchangestudentinHongKong,Lindaappearsmorematurethanthoseofherage.(2014福建卷27)7.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen__________(compare)tos

8、uchartformsasmusicAndpainting.(改编自2012课程标准卷32)8.Clearlyandthoughtfully________(write),theBookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.(2014天津卷7)考点三非谓语动词作宾语1.Iheardapasseng