给水排水专业英语课件.ppt

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1、Unit16ConventionalwastewaterTreatmentProcesses传统污水处理过程1Conventionalwastewatertreatmentconsistsofpreliminaryprocesses(pumping,screening,andgritremoval),primarysettlingtoremoveheavysolidsandfloatablematerial,andsecondarybiologicalaerationtometabolizeandflocculatecolloidala

2、nddissolvedorganics.传统的废水处理包括初步处理（提升，筛选和除砂），初沉去除重金属固体和漂浮物质，二级曝气生物代谢和絮凝去除胶体和溶解的有机物。Wastesludgedrawnfromtheseunitoperationsisthickenedandprocessedforultimatedisposal(Fig.3~3).从这些单元操作产生的污泥，被浓缩以便最终处理（图3〜3）。2PreliminaryTreatmentUnitsThefollowingpreliminaryprocessescanbeusedin

3、municipalwastewatertreatment:coarsescreening(barracks),mediumscreening,comminution,flowmeasuring,pumping,gritremovalpre-aeration,flotation,flocculation,andchemicaltreatment.以下初步处理可以在市政污水处理中使用：粗筛（格栅），中筛选，粉碎，计量泵，抽，预曝气除砂，气浮，絮凝和化学处理。Thelatterthreearenotcommonindomesticwastew

4、atertreatment.Thesepracticesaresometimesdictatedbytheindustrialpollutantsinthemunicipalwastewater.后三种在生活污水处理是不常见的。这些过程有时由城市污水所含的工业污染物决定。3Flotationisusedtoremovefinesuspensions,greaseandfatsandisperformedeitherinaseparateunitorinapre-aerationtankalsousedforgritremoval.气浮是

5、用于去除细小悬浮物，油脂和脂肪，要么是在一个单独的处理单元或在预曝气池用于除砂。Ifadequatepretreatmentisprovidedbypetroleumindustriesandmeat-processingplants,flotationunitsarenotrequiredatamunicipalfacility.在石油工业和肉类加工厂处理中，如果有足够的预处理，气浮单元在市政设施是不需要的。Flocculationwithorwithoutchemicaladditionmaybepracticedonhigh-st

6、rengthmunicipalwastestoprovideincreasedprimaryremovalandpreventexcessiveloadsonthesecondarytreatmentprocessed.无论有没有化学添加剂的絮凝过程，高浓度的市政污水必须经过足够的预处理，防止在二级处理中有过度负荷。Chlorinationofrawwastewaterissometimesusedforodorcontrolandtoimprovesettlingcharacteristicsofthewastes.原水的氯化有时用于

7、气味控制和提高废物的稳定特性。4PrimaryTreatmentUnitsPrimarytreatmentissedimentation.Incommonusage,thoughthetermincludesthepreliminarytreatmentprocesses.主要处理方法是沉淀。在常见的用法，虽然该术语包括前处理工艺。Sedimentationofraw wastewaterispracticedinalllargemunicipalplantsandmustprecedetrickling(biological)filt

8、ration.在大型的市政污水厂中原水的沉淀和必须在滴滤池（生物处理）前。Completely mixedactivated-sludgeprocessescanbeusedtotreatunsettled