高中英语情态动词详细讲解及例句.doc

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1、一、情态动词无人称和数的变化，不能单独做谓语，只能和行为动词或状态动词构成谓语二、情态动词分为：情态助动词：can(could)、may(might)、must、haveto(hadto)、oughtto、shall(should)、will(would)12个半情态助动词：dare、need、usedto、hadbetter、wouldbetter(5个)三、情态助动词1.canandcould1)ability：beabletodo/managetodo/succeedindoingsth.eg.Thearmycandefeattheirenem

2、y.eg.Thearmyisabletodefeattheirenemy.eg.Thearmysucceedindefeatingtheirenemy.2)permission:eg.CanIsmokehere?eg.Youcan’tsmokehere.3)possibility:用在否定句、疑问句、感叹句中-eg.Thiscan’tbedonebyhim.当被用在肯定句中时，表达的是理论上的可能性，不涉及是否真的会发生eg.evenexpertdrivescanmakemistakes.要表达现在或者将来的可能性，用may/might或could.

3、eg.ImayleaveforBeijingnextmonth.但在特殊疑问句中，或与副词hardly、only等连用的陈述句中表达可能性只用can/couldEg.wherecanthenoisebecomingfrom?eg.Itcanhardlybethepostman,hecomesonlyinthemorning.4)有时会：theroadcanbeblocked.5)could表示轻微的怀疑或委婉的看法I’msorryIcouldn’tlendyouthebooknow.Hisstorycouldbetrue,butIhardlythin

4、kitis.6)could表示委婉的请求，主要用于疑问句，不用于肯定句Couldyoulendmesomemoney?Yes,Ican/No,Iamafraidnot.7)could的常用结构：could+动词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了”Itcouldn’tbebetter.Couldn’t+过去分词+比较级“非常，再.....不过了”Theycouldn’thavetriedhardertomakemeeelwelcome.Can’t..too..=cannevertoo“无论怎样...也不为过,越...越好”Ican’tthankyout

5、oomuch.Iowemyprogresstoyou.Can’t(help/choose)butdo/canbut+动词原形“不得不，只好”Wecanbutagreewithhim.Can’thelpdoing忍不住，不得不Ican’thelplaughingCan’tbe(it)控制不住，没有办法Itcan’tbehelpedCan’t....without没有...就不能Onecan’tsucceedwithoutperseverance.2.mayandmight1)permission:MayIuseyourpen?Yes,youmay./N

6、o,youmaynot.2)Possibility:用于推测，表示不确定,不用于疑问句中ShemayknowTom’saddress.出现I’mafraid.I’mnotsure等表示不确定时，常用may/might.I’mafraidhemightnotcometoattendthemeetingtoday.从语气上判断，may表示的可能性比might大，might更多的表示怀疑Hemaybeverybusynow.Hemightbeverybusynow.3)用于让步状语从句中Howeverhardyoumaystudy,youcannotmas

7、terEnglishinamonth.4)用于祈使句，表示祝愿Mayyousucceed!5)might常用于表示轻微的责备和委婉的请求Youmightposttheletterformeifyouaregoingnearapostbox.Youmighthaveletmeknowbefore!6)习惯用法：mayaswelldo”理所当然，有足够的理由”ShemaybeproudofhersonMay/might(just)aswelldo=hadbetterdo(最好)Youmightaswellstayathometonight.May/mig

8、htaswell+doA+as+do+B”与其做B不如做A”Youmightaswellthrowthemo