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1、英语简单句六种基本句型基本句型一:S+V(主语+动词)基本句型二:S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语)基本句型三:S+V+O(主语+动词+宾语)基本句型四:S+V+IO+DO(主语+动词+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:S+V+O+C(主语+动词+宾语+宾补)基本句型六:Therebe结构基本句型一S(subject)+V(verb)(主+动)特点:句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。1.Hecame.2.Shedances.3.Hiswordswork.4.Youshouldworkhard.5.Hergrandpadiedlastnight.
2、6.Myunclegetsupearlyeverymorning.基本句型二S+V+P(主+系动词+表语)系动词可分四类:1)be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用,后可接动词外的任何词;2)感官动词类look,feel,smell,taste,sound等3)表示变化:get,grow,become,turn,go等4)表示状态延续:stay,keep,prove,remain,stand等。Everythinglooksdifferent.Theweatherbecomescooler.3.ThisisanEnglishdictionary.4.Thesoupsmellsgood.
3、5.Thegirllooksbeautiful.6.Themusicsoundsgreat.7.Thetreesturngreen.8.Toseeistobelieve.9.Mybrotherisadoctor.基本句型三S+V+O(主+动+宾)特点:谓语动词都是实义动词,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。e.g.Welikethemovie.SVo1.Iwrotealetterlastnight. 2.Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooks.4.I
4、sawher.5.TheylikewatchingTV.6.Sheisreadingabook.基本句型四S+V+IO+DO(主+动+间宾+直宾)特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。如:Shegavemeabook=Shegaveabooktome.常跟双宾语的动词有:(需借助to的)bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise, return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask,等。(需借助for的)buy,call,cook,choose,draw,
5、find,get,make,order, sing,save等。Shepassedhimanewdress.Johntoldmehisidea.Sheshowedherfriendsallthepictures.4.Hesendmeabirthdaycard.基本句型五S+V+O+OC(主+动+宾+宾补)特点:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。判断原则:能表达成—宾语是/做…e.g.Wemadehimthemanager.SVOOCWekeepthetableclean.Isawthemgettingonthebus.Le
6、avethedooropen!4.Themeatmadethedogfriendly.5.Sheasksmetoplaywithher.6.HecallshisdogAhuang.基本句型六Therebe结构典型例题分析1.Plantsneedwater.S+V+O(主+动+宾)2.Theflowerissofresh.S+V+P(主+系动+表)3.Theyworkhard.S+V(主+动)4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.S+V+IO+DO(主+动+间宾+直宾)5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.S+V+O+OC(主+动+宾+宾补)6.Thereare
7、manyanimalslivingintrees.Therebe结构同一个动词使用的句型也不尽一样,因此在学习动词时,应掌握动词的类型。以get为例:He'sgettingangry.You'llgetasurprise.Hegothisshoesandsockswet.在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.Ifoundthebookeasy.2__