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1、动词不定式结构:todo(否定)nottodo动词不定式的作用FunctionsofInfinitive1主语(subject)2表语(predicative)3宾语(object)4宾补(objectcomplement)5定语(attribute)6状语(adverbial)7.独立结构(absoluteconstruction)三.用法/功能Toseeistobelieve.It’simportanttolearnEnglishwell.(1).主语句型转换Tolookaftermypetsproperlytakesalotoftime.Ittakesalo
2、toftimetolookaftermypetsproperly.Myjobtohelpthepatient.Yourtasktocleantheclassroom.isis(2).表语Iwanttogohome.Ifounditnecessarytotalktohimagain.(3)宾语think/consider/findit+adj.+todo常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope,refuse,learn,setoutchoose,decide,agree,manage,pretend,plan.Theteachertoldmetocleantheblac
3、kboard.Iexpectyoutogivemesomehelp.(4).宾补warn/tell/allow/help/ask/force等+sb.todosth.e.g.Imadehimdohiswork.Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).注意1>help后面的“to”可省去e.g.Theyoftenhelpthegrandma(to)carrywater.2>see,hear,watch,feel,notice等感官动词和let,make,have等使役动词后面，不定式作宾语时要省“to”（注：被动语态不省to）1.Theysawthebo
4、yfallsuddenlyfromthetree.Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyfromthetree.Exercise：将下列句子改成被动语态MothermadeJohnwashthecarforaweek.Johnwasmadetowashthecarforaweek.3>不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式(do/did/does),那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.(1).Shecoulddonothingbutcry.(2).Ihavenochoicebuttogo.
5、(3).Whatdoyouliketodobesidessleep.Ihavesomethingtosay.Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.注意：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.Heislookingforaroomtolivein.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Eg：请给我一支写字的笔.Pleasegivemeapentowritewith.1.不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后(1)Shewasverybusyandhadnotimetovisitherfriends.(2)Ladiesandg
6、entlemen,Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.2.当名词被thefirst,thelast,theonly等词以及形容词最高级修饰时eg:Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.(5).定语4.如果不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的介词Pleasepassmesomepapertowrite____.Shehasanicepentowrite_____.Heboughtaflatforthefamilytolive____.onwithin3.也可用在have…todo和thereb
7、e句型中。Thereisnoonetotakecareofher.Ihavenojewelrytowear.3.结果状语:③Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.onlytodoonlytobedone表示意外的结果1.Wehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.2.Wehurriedtothestationonlytobetoldthetrainhadleft.Icameheretoseeyou.Hegotupearlytocatchthetrain.(6
