有趣的海洋生物世界-兼修英语课件.ppt

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1、Soyouwanttostudymarinebiology?有趣的海洋生物IntroductiontoMarineBiologyPhysicalOceanography–Waves,Tides,OceanCirculation,Seawater,andSurfing?IntroductiontoMarineBiologyMarineBiology-SpeciesDiversityIntroductiontoMarineBiologyMarineBiology–Habitats,Ecology,andInteractionwiththeenvironmentIntroduct

2、iontoMarineBiologyAfewgeneralconcepts…EvolutionastheunifyingtheoryofbiologyDarwin’stheoryofevolutionbynaturalselection:1.Geneticvariation2.Inheritanceofvariationbyoffspring3.Naturalselection–Selectsforadaptationsthatenhancea)survivalb)reproductionSourcesofVariation?1.Mutations–mostdestruct

3、ive,but…2.Sexualreproduction-IntroductiontoMarineBiologyAfewgeneralconcepts…Thescientificmethod-Howdothingswork?Steps:1.Observation2.Hypothesis3.Experiment4.ConclusionTestedhypothesis>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>Theory!!Otherthingstoconsider:1.Controls2.SamplesizesAtmosphericcirculationDifferent

4、partsoftheearthareheatedbythesunatdifferentrates.Equatorialregionsareexposedtomoredirectsunlightandarethereforeheatedmorethanthehigherlatitudes.AtmosphericcirculationNotethatthedifferentialheatingoftheequatorialregionsrelativetothepolesresultsinthetemperaturedifferencewithlatitude,butdoesn

5、otexplain“seasons”.Seasonsareafunctionofthetiltedaxisoftheearth...AtmosphericcirculationWhathappenstoairasitheatsuporcoolsdown?Aconvectioncurrentisformed.AtmosphericcirculationSamethinghappenstotheearth!!AtmosphericcirculationButthingsarenotsosimpleonearth…theearthrotates…whatistheeffectof

6、therotation?TheCoriolisEffect-Thetendencyofanyobjectmovingfreelyacrosstheglobetoappeartocurvetotherightinthenorthernhemisphere,andtotheleftinthesouthernhemisphere.Reason?–hastodowithdifferencesinthecross-sectionalcircumferenceoftheearthasafunctionoflatitude…Canyouthinkofdemonstrationstosee

7、howthismightwork?AtmosphericcirculationSowhatistheresultofthecorioliseffectontheatmosphericcirculationoftheearth?Whatotherfactorscanyouthinkofthatwouldinfluenceatmosphericcirculation?AtmosphericcirculationWhatotherfactorscanyouthinkofthatwouldinfluenceatmosphe