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1、9期杨怀玉等:顶端调控对烤烟生长、主要矿质养分吸收和分配特性的影响1851顶端调控对烤烟生长、主要矿质养分吸收和分配特性的影响杨怀玉,李春俭(中国农业大学植物营养系/农业部植物营养与养分循环重点开放实验室/教育部植物-土壤相互作用重点实验室,北京100094)摘要:【目的】揭示顶端调控对烤烟生长、矿质养分吸收和分配影响。【方法】采用营养液培养,结合根系养分吸收动力学方法,进行了打顶和打顶+NAA处理。【结果】对照在处理期间干物质和养分净增量最大,干物质的57%和N、P、K、Ca等养分的44%~68%分配到
2、了顶端(包括新生叶片),而打顶和打顶+NAA植株的干物质和养分净增量的绝大部分都分配至上部叶和根系。钾离子吸收动力学结果表明,根系吸钾速率大小依次为对照>打顶+NAA>打顶,对照植株根系对钾离子的亲和力和最大吸收速率也最大。打顶+NAA处理2d后根系对钾离子的亲和力和最大吸收速率均大于打顶处理。【结论】以上结果表明,顶端不仅可以通过其生长需求(库强)调节光合产物和矿质养分在体内的分配,而且可以通过其合成的生长素调控根系的养分吸收。打顶后生长调节剂处理可一定程度上代替顶端的作用。关键词:烤烟;打顶;萘乙酸;
3、钾;吸收动力学ShootApexRegulatesGrowth,NutrientsAbsorptionandDistributionWithinTobaccoPlantsYANGHuai-yu,LIChun-jian(DepartmentofPlantNutrition,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity/KeyLaboratoryofPlantNutrientandNutrientCycle,MinistryofAgriculture/KeyLaboratoryofPlant-Soi
4、lInteractions,MinistryofEducation,Beijing100094)Abstract:【Objective】Effectsofdecapitationonplantgrowth,nutrientsabsorptionanddistributionwithinplant,aswellaspotassium(K)absorptiondynamicandkineticsintobaccoplantswereexamined.【Method】Arootnutrientsabsorpti
5、onkineticmethodwasappliedunderhydroponicculture.【Result】Theresultsshowedthatinthecontrolplant,57%ofthenetdrymattergainand44%-68%ofthenetincreaseinmineralnutrients(includingN,P,K,Ca,etc.)wasdepositedinthetop.Inthedecapitationanddecapitation+NAAplants,thema
6、jorityofthenetincreasesindrymatterandnutrientswereallocatedintotheupperleavesandroots.ThestudiesontheKuptakekineticsshowedthatKuptakeactivityandaffinitywerethehighestinthecontrolplant,andthelowestinthedecapitatedplant.【Conclusion】Inconclusion,theshootapex
7、isthestrongestsinkfordrymatterandnutrients,andcanregulatenotonlythedrymatterandnutrientsallocationamongthedifferentorgans,butalsothenutrientsabsorptionactivitybytheauxinsynthesizedinandtransportedfromtheapex.ExogenousapplicationofNAAafterremovaloftheshoot
8、apexcanpartlyreplacetheroleoftheshootapextostimulatetherootnutrientsuptakeactivity.Keywords:Tobacco;Decapitation;NAA;Potassium;Uptakekinetics9期杨怀玉等:顶端调控对烤烟生长、主要矿质养分吸收和分配特性的影响18510引言【本研究的重要意义】烤烟是一种以叶片为收获器官的经济作物。在烤烟生产