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1、WorldWarTwoandHitler09级英语本科（4）班陈曼丽BriefIntroductionofWorldWarIICONTENTSBackgroundPre-warEventsImpactCourseoftheWarAftermathChronologyChronologyThestartofthewarisgenerallyheldtobe1September1939,beginningwiththeGermaninvasionofPoland;BritainandFrancedeclaredwaronGermanytwodayslater.Otherdatesforth
2、ebeginningofwarincludethestartoftheSecondSino-JapaneseWaron7July1937.OthersfollowBritishhistorianA.J.P.Taylor,whoheldthattherewasasimultaneousSino-JapaneseWarinEastAsiaandaSecondEuropeanWarinEuropeandhercolonies.Thetwowarsmergedin1941,becomingasingleglobalconflict,atwhichpointthewarcontinuedunti
3、l1945.Thisarticleusestheconventionaldating.Theexactdateofthewar'sendisnotuniversallyagreedupon.Ithasbeensuggestedthatthewarendedatthearmisticeof14August1945(V-JDay),ratherthantheformalsurrenderofJapan.(2September1945);insomeEuropeanhistories,itendedonV-EDay(8May1945).However,theTreatyofPeacewith
4、Japanwasnotsigneduntil1951BackgroundWorldWarIradicallyalteredthediplomaticandpoliticalsituationsinEurasiaandAfrica,withthedefeatoftheCentralPowers,includingAustria-Hungary,Germany,andtheOttomanEmpire,andthe1917BolshevikseizureofpowerinRussia.Meanwhile,thesuccessoftheAlliedEntentepowers,including
5、theUnitedKingdom,France,theUnitedStates,Italy,Serbia,andRomania,andthecreationofnewstatesfromthecollapseofAustria-HungaryandtheRussianEmpire,resultedinfundamentalchangestothemapofEasternEurope.Intheaftermathofthewar,majorunrestaroseinEurope,especiallyirredentistandrevanchistnationalismandclassco
6、nflict.IrredentismandrevanchismwerestronginGermanybecauseshewasforcedtoacceptsignificantterritorial,colonial,andfinanciallossesaspartoftheTreatyofVersailles.Underthetreaty,Germanylostaround13percentofitshometerritoryandallofitsoverseascolonies,whileGermanannexationofotherstateswasprohibited,mass
7、ivereparationswereimposed,andlimitswereplacedonthesizeandcapabilityofGermany'sarmedforces.Meanwhile,theRussianCivilWarledtothecreationoftheSovietUnion.AfterLenin'sdeathin1924,JosephStalinseizedpowerintheUSSRandrepudiatedtheN
