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1、Unit1FriendshipLearningaboutlanguage高一人教新课标版必修一GrammarDirectandIndirectSpeechⅠ直接引语:直接引用别人的话,把它放在引号内。(directspeech)间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。(indirectspeech)Iamabeautifulgirl.Shesaidthatshewasabeautifulgirl.Whatdidthegirlsay?转述他人的陈述→陈述句SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.Shesaid,“I’mgoingt
2、oBeijing.”ShesaidthatshewasgoingtoBeijing.Heasked,“Areyouadoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasadoctor.Sheasked,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句陈述句用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意,可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that,不可直接说toldthat。直接引
3、语变成间接引语,句子结构的变化Hesaid,“IhavebeentoJapan.”HesaidtousthathehadbeentoJapan.Shesaid,“I’llgiveyouanexamtomorrow.”Shetoldusthatshewouldgiveusanexamtomorrow.陈述句解题步骤:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriends.Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthat(Idon’tlikecomputers.)didn’tsheSarahsaidt
4、oherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomputers.间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序是陈述句的语序。一般疑问句Tomsaid,“DoyouhaveanydifficultywithEnglish?”Tomasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithEnglish.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren’tyou?”HeaskedwhetherIwasinte
5、restedinEnglish.一般疑问句解题步骤:Isiteasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.(itiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.)askediswasTheyaskedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.
6、)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。特殊疑问句Hesaidtome,“Whereareyoufrom?”HeaskedmewhereIwasfrom.Heaskedus,“Howmanyfactoriesarethereinyourcountry?”Heaskedushowmanyfactoriestherewereinourcountry.特殊疑问句解题步骤：Whendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)TheyaskedhimWhenyouharvestthewheat(youharvestthewh
7、eat.)heharvestedTheyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.Heasked,“DoyouspeakEnglishorChinese?”HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishorChinese.Iasked,“Willyoutakeabusoronfoot?”Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldtakeabusoronfoot.用whether…or…表达(不用if/either…or…)选择疑问句谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1.直接引语表述的是客观真理,变
8、为间接引语时,时态不变。Thegeographyteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeast
