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1、Lesson6DisappearingThroughtheSkylight练习题答案/answerⅠ.1.Lysenko:TrofimDenisovichLysenko(1898--1976),Russianagronomist.AspresidentoftheLeninAll-UnionAcademyofAgriculturalScienceshebecamethescientificandadministrativeleaderofSovietagriculture.In1937hewasmadeamemberoftheSupr
2、emeSovietandheadoftheinstituteofGeneticsoftheSovietAcademyofSciences.Hefirstbecameknownforhisprocess(vernalization)ofmoisteningandrefrigeratingtheseedofspringwheattherebyreputedlyimpartingtoitthecharacteristicsofwinterwheat.HebecametheleaderoftheSovietschoolofgeneticst
3、hatopposedthetheoriesofheredityacceptedbymostgeneticistsandsupportedthedoctrinethatthecharacteristicsacquiredthroughenvironmentalinfluencesareinherited.Lysenkorejectedneo-MendelismandwasadiscipleoftheRussianhorticulturistI.V.Michurin.LysenkolstheorieswereofferedasMarxi
4、storthodoxyandwontheofficialsupport(1948)oftheSovietCentralCom-mittee.However,theywereseverelycriticizedafterthedeathofStalinin1953,andin1956hewasremovedasdirectoroftheInstituteofGenetics,whichresultedinthereturnofSovietbiologicalthoughttothemainstreamofinternationalsc
5、ientificideas.2.Leonardo.LeonardodaVinci(1452--1519),Italianpainter,sculptor,architect,musician,engineer,andscientist,bornnearVinci,ahillvillageinTuscany.In1466hemovedtoFlorence,whereheenteredtheworkshopofVerrocchio.Earlyinhisapprenticeshiphepaintedanan-gel,andperhapsp
6、ortionsofthelandscape,inVerrocchio'sBaptismofChrist.TheculminationofLeonardo'sartduringhisfirstperiodinFlorenceisthemagnificentunfinishedAdorationoftheMagicommissionedin1481bythemonksofSanDonatoaScopeto.Inthisworkisrevealedtheintegrationofdramaticmovementandchiaroscuro
7、thatcharacterizesthemaster'smaturestyle,HewenttoMilanaround1482andremainedatthecourtofLudovicoSforzafor16years.In1483,Leonardo,withhispupilAmbrogiodePredis,wascommissionedtoexecutethefamousMadonnaoftheRocks.Leonardo'sfrescooftheLastSup-per(Milan)wasbegunaround1495andco
8、mpletedby1498.AfterthefallofLudovicaSforza(1499)LeonardoleftMilanandreturnedtoFlorence.Hereheengagedinmuchtheoretical
