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1、Unit1GrammarThePastParticiple(1)astheAttributeandthePredicativeLookatthedialogueandfindtheuseofthepastparticiple.--Lookattheexcitedboy!Whyishesohappy?--Hehasgotthefirstprizeinthecontest.--Nowonderheisexcited!(Attribute)(Predicative)课文回顾请分析下列课文句子的过去分词
2、的用法。①HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.②Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak.③Hebecameinterestedintwotheories...(Attribute)(Attribute)(Predicative)④Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingor
3、dinarypeopleexposedtocholera.⑤Neitheritscausenoritscurewasunderstood.⑥HeimmediatelytoldtheastonishedpeopleinBroadStreettoremovethehandle...Question:什么是定语？什么是表语？(Predicative)(Attribute)(Predicative)(Attribute)定语的概念：表语的概念:相当于形容词，在句中修饰名词或代词的成分。说明主语的身份、特
4、征或状态；位于系动词之后，如be,appear,look,get,become,turn,grow,feel,smell,touch,taste,remain,seem…一、动词过去分词用作定语的位置1.Theencouragedpeopleareexcited.2.JohnSnowisawell-knownphysician.3.Heisoneofthoseinvited.4.Nothingreported(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.5.Thegirlnamed
5、Mayisinourclass.6.Wearestudyinginaschoolbuilt14yearsago.1、单个的过去分词或由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语，一般放在所修饰词的前面，称为前置定语。encouragedpeopleawell-knownphysician注:单个的过去分词修饰something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody等不定代词或指示代词those时,要放在这些词的后面。2、过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰词的后
6、面,称为后置定语。thegirlnamedMayaschoolbuilt14yearsago二、过去分词作定语 可与相对应的定语从句相互转换例：1、HefoundthatitcamefromtheriverpollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.Hefoundthatitcamefromtheriverwhich/thatwaspollutedbythedirtywaterfromLondon.2、Wearestudyinginaschoolbuilt14yearsa
7、go.Wearestudyinginaschoolwhich/thatwasbuilt14yearsago.三、过去分词作定语表示的意义及物动词的过去分词ausedstampabrokenwindowastonishedpeopleacloseddoor一枚用过的邮票一扇破碎的窗户受惊吓的人们一扇关上的门不及物动词的过去分词fallenleavestherisensuntheadvancedcountriesadrunkman落叶升起来的太阳发达国家一个醉鬼1、及物动词的过去分词作定语时一般兼有
8、被动和完成的意义。2、不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只有完成意义。四、V-ing与V-ed作定语时的区别1）语态不同：V-ing表主动含义，V-ed表被动含义。aninspiringspeech鼓舞人心的演说theinspiredaudience受鼓舞的听众thefallingleaves落叶（正往下落的)thefallenleaves落叶（已落到地面的)2）时间关系不同:V-ing表示动作正在进行,V-ed表示动作已完成。3）及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可表示被动,但-ed表示一个完成
