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1、专题三 阅读补全Passage1(2013北京)UrbanizationUntilrelativelyrecently,thevastmajorityofhumanbeingslivedanddiedwithouteverseeingacity.Thefirstcitywasprobablyfoundednomorethan5,500yearsago. 1 Infact,nearlyeveryonelivedonfarmsorintinyrural(乡村的)villages.Itwasnotuntilthe20thcenturythatGrea
2、tBritainbecamethefirsturbansocietyinhistory—asocietyinwhichthemajorityofpeopleliveincitiesanddonotfarmforaliving. Britainwasonlythebeginning. 2 Theprocessofurbanization—themigration(迁徙)ofpeoplefromthecountrysidetothecity—wastheresultofmodernization,whichhasrapidlytransformed
3、howpeopleliveandwheretheylive. In1900,fewerthan40%ofAmericanslivedinurbanareas.Today,over82%ofAmericansliveincities.Onlyabout2%liveonfarms. 3 Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagriculturalsocieties,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarm
4、stofeedfivepeopleincities. 4 Untilmoderntimes,thoselivingincitiesweremainlytherulingelite(精英)andtheservants,laborersandprofessionalswhoservedthem.Citiessurvivedbytaxingfarmersandwerelimitedinsizebytheamountofsurplusfoodthattheruralpopulationproducedandbytheabilitytomovethiss
5、urplusfromfarmtocity. Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthecountry. 5 Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefarmerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmerisabletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers. A.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.B.Therestl
6、iveinsmalltowns.C.Theeffectsofurbanlivingonpeopleshouldbeconsidered.D.Soonmanyotherindustrialnationsbecameurbansocieties.E.Buteven200yearsago,onlyafewpeoplecouldliveincities.F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.G.Moderncitieshavedestroyedsocialrel
7、ationsandthehealthofhumanbeings.答案 [语篇解读] 本文为说明文,题材为社会与热点,主要讲述了城市化的进程。1.E2.D3.B4.A5.FPassage2(2013辽宁)ForgivenessToforgiveisavirtue,butnoonehaseversaiditiseasy.Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou,itcanbeextremelydifficulttoletgoofyourhate.However,forgivenessispossible,anditcanbesurpr
8、isinglybeneficialtoyourphysicalandmentalhealth.Peoplewhoforgiveshowlesssadn
