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unit3Languagepoints prefervt更喜欢；选择某事物prefer过去式，过去分词为preferred，现在分词为preferringprefertodo/doingsth更喜欢做某事(doing)sth.to(doing)sth与（做）......相比更喜欢做.....todosth.ratherthandosth宁愿做.....而不愿做......sbtodosth宁愿某人做某事that+从句宁愿........... 1.Atthemoment,he_prefernotto_____thinkaboutthefuture.此刻他不想考虑未来。2.He__prefertodie______ratherthangiveintotheenemy.他宁死也不屈从于敌人。 disadvantagen.不利之处；不便之处atadisadvantage处于不利地位putsbatadisadvantage使某人处于不利地位advantagen.有利条件；优势；优点好处takeadvantageof利用...... 1.shewas__atadisadvantage______comparedtotheyounggraduates.和那些年轻的毕业生相比他处于不利地位。Ishould___takeadvantageof____thischancetoexpressmythanksforyourhelp.我需要抓住这次机会去表达我对你们的谢意 .dreamn.v.of/aboutsth.(vi.)a…dream(vt.)that…(vt.)sb.tobe…(vt.)dreamdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamtEversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.eversince，从那以后；+现在完成时（havedone） 1)他梦想着有一天为自己工作,没有老板.Hedreamsof/aboutworkingforhimselfandnothavingabossoneday.=Hedreamsthatonedayhewillworkforhimselfandnothaveaboss.2)我做梦也没想到他是个撒谎的人.Ineverdreamedhimtobealiar. 2.Thenshepersuademetobuyone.然后她动员我也买了一辆.persuadevt.说服;劝服;vi.被说服persuadesb.sb.ofsth.使某人相信某事sb.thatclausesb.(not)todosth.sb.into/outofdoingsth.Beartheminyourmind! 如果“劝说”不服,不能直接用persuade,而应用trytopersuade或advise,或者用persuade的否定式。e.g.Someofusadvisedhimtochangehismindbutnoonecouldpersuadehimtodoso.注意 1.I__himnottosmoke,buthedidn’tthinkitnecessary.A.persuaded B.advised C.hoped D.suggested2.Iwasableatlastto____mymothertofollowmyadvice.A.suggest B.adviseC.persuade D.leaveoff实例 3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded graduatevi毕业n.大学毕业生graduatefrom...毕业于.....graduatein....毕业于.....专业graduationn.毕业，毕业典礼graduateItisthreeyearssincehe___graduatedfrom_____Wuhanuniversity.他从武汉大学毕业已经三年了。she_______graduatedinlaw__andbecamealawertwoyearslater.她毕业于法律专业，两年后成了一名律师。Hehasbeenworkinginthecountrysideafterhis__graduation___fromuniversity.他大学毕业后一直在农村工作。 finally一般指一系列事物或论点的顺序的最后项内容,或用在动词前,表示“等了好久……才”,没有感情色彩.atlast只能指时间位置,不能指时间顺序,在意思上是指经过周折、等待、耽搁到”最后、终于”(出现所期待的结果),常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩.intheend可与atlast和finally通用.但若出现了非期待中的结果,用intheend,还可以用于预卜未来。3.Finally/atlast/intheend Theytalkedaboutitforhours._______theydecidednottogo.2)Thechildrenarrivedhome_________________afterthestorm.3)Mydreamwillcometrue_________.Finallyatlast/intheendintheend4)ThewarlastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwon_______________.5)Yourideawillturnoutright_________.6)______,Iwanttothankyouforhelpingme.intheend/atlastintheendFinally stubborn1)Heistoostubborntoapologize.2)You’llhavetopushhard,thatdoorisabitstubborn.3)Theoldmanhasgotastubborncoughthathaslastedforweeks.(as)stubbornasamule倔强的，固执的难以移动的难以治愈的 Mysisterdoesn’tcareaboutdetails.我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。careabout:beworriedabout忧虑,关心e.g.他并不关心我的事情。Hedoesn’tcaremuchaboutwhathappenstome. careforsb/sth:lookafter,loveorlike希望,喜欢,照顾1)Wouldyoucareforadrink?2)Hecaresforherdeeply.3)Whowillcareforyourchildifyouareout? 2)determine+从句e.g.Shedeterminedthatshewouldneverseehimagain.3)determine+疑问词+todoe.g.Haveyoudeterminedwheretospendtheholidaynextweek?determinedadj.坚决的,有决心的 8.Shegavemeadeterminedlook–thekindthatshewouldn’tchangehermind.她坚定地看了我一眼----这眼神表明她不会改变主意。determinev.决定,下定决心,确定determinetodosth.e.g.HedeterminedtolearnFrench. bedeterminedtodosth.决心做e.g.Shewasdeterminedtogotouniversity.changeone’smind改变某人的主意e.g.Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tchangemymind. Beartheminyourmind!makeupone’smind下定决心readone’smind看出某人的心思speakone’smind直言不讳give/putone’smind专心于keep…inmind记住 Finally,Ihadtogivein.最后,我只好让步。givein(tosb./sth.)屈服于,让步,递交giveup放弃,认输giveout筋疲力尽；分配giveaway捐赠,泄露e.g.Hehadtogiveintomyviews.It’stimeyougaveinyourpapers. ※givein(sth.tosb.)1)Hewouldratherdiethangivein.2)WangKunhadtogiveinbecauseheknewhissisterwell.3)Pleasegiveyourexaminationpapersin(totheteacher)whenyou’vefinished.屈服让步上交 1)Afterthelongtrip,boththemenandthehorses________.2)Becauseofhissmallsalary,hehadto_______hisdreamtriptoEurope.3)Seeingthathecouldnotpersuademe,hehadto___________myview.gaveoutgaveupgaveinto练一练4)He_________mostofhisfortunetothepoor.5)Pleasekeepthesecret,don’t____it_____.gaveawaygaveaway ---Smokingisbadforyourhealth.---Yes,Iknow.ButIsimplycan’t___.A.giveitupB.giveitoutC.giveitinD.giveitaway√ WhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters,sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.当我告诉她我们将在海拔5000米处开始旅程,她好像对此很兴奋。atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在海拔……米处 e.g.Theplaneisflyingataheight/altitudeof10,000feet.注意at在此处表“在……处/时,以……”后接年龄,速度,长宽深高,价格,费用等 attheageofatahigh/lowpriceatadepth/widthofatthecostofatadistanceof Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnanProvince.acrossthroughprep.穿过穿过深谷流经云南省西部时它变成急流. across常表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,“横穿,横跨”表面,含义与on有关through表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部,含义与in有关over表示“越过”是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧辨析: e.g.Sheswam________theriver.Theriverflows_________thecityfromwesttoeast.Walk_______thesquareandgo_________thegate,thenyou’llcometothecafe.Thethiefclimbed______thewallandranaway.acrossthroughacrossthroughover ThenewrailwaywindsitswaytoHongKong,___mountains___tunnelsand___rivers.across;over;throughover;across;throughover;through;acrossthrough;over;across实例 ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口。这是一个强调句。强调句的结构是：Itwas/is+强调成分+that-/who-分句如果强调的部分是人,可用who,也可用that,强调其他成分与内容都用that。 注意e.g.我看这部电影是在上海。(强调地点状语)ItwasinShanghaithatIsawthefilm.强调时间和地点不能用when或where，只用that。 根据上下文和语义意图,说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语,宾语,状语,使之成为信息中心。Allthemembersheldameetingintheclubyesterday. 把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。JohngaveMaryahandbagatChristmas.高考链接Wasit___thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?A.youB.notyouC.thatyourself练一练 6.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettinggettoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.尽管她不知道旅行的最佳方式,但是她还是坚决主张她来合理安排这次旅行。 1)although,though引导让步状语从句不能再和but,and,however连用,但可以和副词yet,still连用。although从句多放在句首,though从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作“但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法。 [考例]______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.(2006全国卷I)A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although[点拨]根据句中的limitedknowledge和alotofexperience构成对比，可知这是一个让步状语从句，故用although引导。since既然；unless除非……；as因为。 ※insiston/uponone’sdoingsth坚持做,坚决做e.g.Iinsistedon/uponhiscomingwithus.※insistthat+从句“坚持说”(后表示一个事实),后接的从句用陈述语气,既按需要选择时态。2)insist:declarefirmly坚持认为，坚持主张 ※insistthatsb.(should)dosth.坚决主张做某事,后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,既“should+v.”e.g.Marywasill.Herparentsinsistedthatshe(should)seeadoctor.e.g.Heinsistedthathehadn’tstolenthegirl’shandbag. Iinsistedthatadoctor__immediately.hasbeensentforB.sentforC.willbesentforD.besentfor高考链接 WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreathanditwouldbeverycold…当我告诉她将呼吸困难,天气严寒……主语+be+adj.+todosth.是一常用句式既不定式用主动形式表达被动含义e.g.Theproblemisreallyhardtoworkout.Mybossiseasytodealwith. 不定式和主语之间是逻辑动宾关系，使用及物动词的主动形式，因此不及物动词要加相应的介词。这一结构中的形容词往往是表示心理活动的，接不定式时,不定式的逻辑主语是句子的主语,主动用todo,被动用tobedone;也可以接从句。注意 这类形容词有surprised,moved,disappointed,pleased,happy,sad,delighted,sorry,interested,glad,worried,etc. I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。1.Heisplanninghiswork_______(进度表)forthefollowingweek.2.Theytookmanypicturesofthe_________(瀑布)yesterday.3.Whatisthe______(海拔)ofthismountain?4.Ithinkyoudon’tknowyourown___________.Infact,nooneisperfect.schedulewaterfallaltitudeshortcomings II.根据括号内所给的提示翻译下列句子。最后我们来到了山顶。(finally)2.我不能骑车去上学，因为我的自行车坏了。(cycle)Finallywearrivedatthetopofthemountain.Iamunableto/can’tcycletoschoolbecausemybikeisbroken. 3.汤姆坚持认为自己是对的。(insist)4.你一旦开始，就必须坚持做下去。(once)Tominsistedthathewasright.Onceyoubegin,youmustkeepdoingit. 5.她虽然小，但是知道怎么做。(although)6.我们决定立刻去火车站。(determinetodo)Wedeterminedtogototherailwaystationatonce.Althoughsheisyoung,sheknowshowtodoit.
