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1、AGeneralTeachingPlanPartIEnglishLiterature3-4Lecture3:MiddleEnglishLiteratureI.GeoffreyChaucerSoldier,diplomat,justiceofthepeace,memberofParliament,andmanofaffairs,Chaucerlivedafullandbusylife.BornsoonafterthebeginningoftheHundredYears’War,helivedthroughtheterribleyearsoftheBlackDea
2、th,throughJohnWycliffe’sdramaticchallengetotheestablishedchurch,throughthePeasant’sRevoltof1381,andthroughthedepositionofRichardII.1.FatheroftheEnglishLanguage1.CalledtheFatheroftheEnglishLanguageaswellastheMorningStarofSong,GeoffreyChaucer,aftersixcenturies,hasretainedhisstatusason
3、eofthethreeorfourgreatestEnglishpoets.Hewasthefirsttocommittolinesofuniversalandenduringappealavividinterestinnature,books,andpeople.Asmany-sidedasShakespeare,hedidforEnglishnarrativewhatShakespearedidfordrama.IfhelackstheprofundityofShakespeare,heexcelsinplayfulnessofmoodandsimplic
4、ityofexpression.Thoughhislanguageoftenseemsquaint,hewasessentiallymodern.Familiaritywiththelanguageandwiththeliteratureofhiscontemporariespersuadesthemostskepticalthatheisnearertothepresentthanmanywritersbornlongafterhedied.2.HisInfluenceontheEnglishLanguageNoprintedbooksexistedinCh
5、aucer’stime,andcontactsbetweenvariouspartsofEnglandwerefew.TherewerethereforestrikingdifferencesintheEnglishlanguageasspokeninvariousregions.Furthermore,thelanguageofthecourtwasFrench,andthelanguageoflearningwasLatin.ChaucerwasthefirstcourtwritertousetheEnglishtongue.Becausehelivedi
6、nLondon,henaturallyusedtheEnglishoftheMidlandcountiesratherthantheNorthernortheSoutherndialects.Hiswritingsdidmuchtosetthelanguageintheformithastoday.Asayoungman,ChaucertranslatedpartofthegreatFrenchlovepoem“TheRomanceoftheRose”.Hisfirstoriginalworkwas“TheBookoftheDuchess”.“Troilusa
7、ndCriseyde”,basedonastoryofBoccaccio,showedhisrealgreatnessasapoet.Hislast,longest,andmostfamousworkwasthe“CanterburyTales”.HiswritingdominatedEnglishpoetryuptothetimeofShakespeare.II.Anewliterature1.TheOldEnglishlanguage2.ChaucerHeraldsaNewLiterature3.CanterburyTalesIII.Prologuetot
8、he“CanterburyTales”
