山东省2020届高三英语下学期开学检测试题.doc

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1、山东省2020届高三英语下学期开学检测试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomeofthegreatestscientistsofa

2、lltimearewomenwhohavemadeimportantdiscoveriesinavarietyoffieldsinscience.Severaloftheircontributionsthroughouthistoryareevenmorethanmen’scontributions.Ourlistofthemostfamousfemalescientistsbelowareorganizedinorderofpopularitysoyoucanreadabouttheadvancementsthattheymade.MarieCurie(1

3、867-1934)FamousFor:WorkonradioactivityMarieCuriewasthefirstwomantowintheNobelPrizeandtheonlywomantowinthisawardintwofields:PhysicsandChemistry.ShediscoveredpoloniumandradiumandherworkhelpedwiththecreationofX-rays.JaneGoodall(1934)FamousFor:Primate(灵长类)studiesJaneGoodallisknownworld

4、-wideforhergroundbreakingstudiesonprimates.Sheisconsideredasthetopexpertonchimpsintheworldandisperhapsbestknownforher45-yearstudyonthesociallivesoftheseanimalsinTanzania.RitaLevi-Montalcini(1909-2012)FamousFor:NervegrowthstudiesRitaLevi-Montalciniwasaneurologist(神经病学家)whowontheNobe

5、lPrizein-23-PhysiologyorMedicinein1986forherfindingsinNerveGrowthFactor(NGF).ShewasthefirstNobelPrizewinnertolivepasther100thbirthday.LiseMeitner(1878-1968)FamousFor:WorkonradioactivityandnuclearphysicsLiseMeitnerwasakeymemberofagroupthatdiscoverednuclearfission(裂变).Oneofhercolleag

6、ues,OttoHahn,wasgiventheNoblePrizeforthiswork.ThatMeitnerdidn’tgettheawardisconsideredtobeahugeerrorbytheNobelcommittee.1.Whoisstillcontributingtotheworld?A.MarieCurie.B.JaneGoodall.C.RitaLevi-Montalcini.D.LiseMeitner.2.WhatdidRitaLevi-Montalcinireseachon?A.Nervegrowth.B.Thewildlif

7、e.C.Nuclearexplosion.D.Radioactivity.3.WhatdoweknowaboutLiseMeitner?A.ShewasawardedtheNobelPrize.B.Shemadeabigmistakeinherwork.C.Shedidlotsofstudiesaboutnervegrowth.D.Shemadegreatcontributionstonuclearphysics.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要列举了4位著名的女科学家在各自领域所取得的成就和影响。【1题详解】细节理解题。观察每个人

8、物的后面跟的时间可知，JaneGoodall出生于1