交通灯课程设计汇本内容.doc

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1、华信学院课程设计说明书题目：姓名：院（系）：专业班级：学号：指导教师：成绩：时间：年月日至年月日目录1前言······································21.1课程设计目的·····································21.2任务和要求·······································22硬件电路的描述和设计·························32.1单片机的简述······································3

2、2.2电源电路·········································32.3芯片的选择与简单介绍·····························42.4单片机的最小系统·································42.5显示电路········································52.6信号灯电路······································52.7电路原理图································

3、······63软件设计流程及描述··························73.1设计方案思想·····································73.2设计要求流程图···································73.3主程序流程图·····································84仿真效果·····································94.1仿真软件······································

4、···94.2系统仿真效果图····································94.3仿真结果分析·····································115源程序代码·································116参考文献···································177电路原理图及元器件表·······················187．1电路原理·········································187．2元

5、器件表·········································188心得体会···········································201序言1.1课程设计目的1.巩固和加深课堂所学知识；2.学习掌握一般的软硬件的设计方法和查阅、运用资料的能力；3.通过对交通灯实时控制系统的设计与制作，掌握MCS-51单片机的中断系统、定时/计数器及并行I/O口的综合应用和编程方法，掌握七段数码管的显示原理和方法。1.2任务和要求设计一个交通灯系统，通过单片机如AT89C51并接数码管及发光二极管来

6、模拟交通灯的变化规律，8个数码管用来显示秒值，东西南北各两个，12个发光二极管，东西南北各三个，分为红绿黄三种颜色。设计思路，首先东西方向绿灯亮，南北方向红灯亮，同时开始计时20s，在7段数码管上显示时间。当20s倒计时结束后，开始3s倒计时，并且东西方向绿灯开始闪烁，南北方向红灯亮。当3s倒计时结束后再开始2s倒计时，并且东西方向黄灯亮，南北方向还是红灯亮。当2s倒计时结束后开始20s的倒计时，此时是南北方向绿灯亮，东西方向红灯亮。接下来就是南北方向绿灯闪烁3s，再南北方向黄灯闪烁2s，接着又开始循环。要求设计出电气原理图、要求设计出程

7、序流程图、要求设计出程序。2硬件电路的描述和设计2.1单片机的简述单片机是由运算器、控制器、存储器、输入设备以及输出设备共五个基本部分组成的。单片机是把包括运算器、控制器、少量的存储器、最基本的输入输出口电路、串行口电路、中断和定时电路等都集成在一个尺寸有限的芯片上。通常，单片机由单个集成电路芯片构成，部包含有计算机的基本功能部件：中央处理器、存储器和I/O接口电路等。因此，单片机只需要和适当的软件及外部设备相结合，便可成为一个单片机控制系统。单片机体积小、功能全、性价比等诸多优点而独具特色，在工业控制、尖端武器、通信设备、家用电器等嵌入

8、式应用领域中独占鳌头。如果说C语言程序设计课程设计的基础课，那么单片机以其系统硬件构架完整、价格低廉、学生能动手等特点，成为工科学生硬件设计基础课。2.2电源电路稳压的稳压电源电路图如图2.2