会计专业英语名词解释.pdf

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1、会计专业英语名词解释Chapter11.Accounting:Accountingistheprocessofidentifying,measuring,recording,andcommunicatingeconomicinformationtopermitinformedjudgmentsanddecisionsbyusersoftheinformation.2.Accrualbasisaccounting:Accrualbasisaccountingreferstoanaccountingmethodthatrecordsfinancialeventsbasedon

2、economicactivityratherthanfinancialactivity.Underaccrualaccounting,revenueisrecordedwhenitisearnedandrealized,regardlessofwhenactualpaymentisreceived.Similarly,expensesarematchedwithrevenueregardlessofwhentheyareactuallypaid.3.Balancesheet:Balancesheetisthefinancialstatementshowingthefina

3、ncialpositionofanentitybysummarizingitsassets,liabilities,andowner’sequityatonespecificdate.4.Businessentity:Businessentityreferstoaneconomicunitthatcontrolsresources,incursobligations,andengagesinbusinessactivities.5.CAS:ChineseAccountingStandardsrefertotheaccountingconcepts,measurementt

4、echniques,andstandardsofpresentationusedinfinancialstatementsmadebythePRCFinancialApartment.6.Cashbasisaccounting:Cashbasisaccountingisamethodofbookkeepingthatrecordsfinancialeventsbasedoncashflowsandcashposition.Revenueisrecognizedwhencashisreceivedandexpenseisrecognizedwhencashispaidout

5、.7.Conservatism:Conservatismstatesthatwhenalternativeaccountingvaluationsareequallypossible,theaccountantshouldselecttheonethatisleastlikelytooverstateassetsandincomeinthecurrentperiod.8.Consistency:Consistencymeansthatacompanyusesthesameaccountingprinciplesandmethodsfromyeartoyear.9.Cont

6、inuity:Continuityreferstoanaccountingassumption,alsoknownasthegoing-concernassumption,thatthecompanywillcontinuetooperateinthenearfuture,unlesssubstantialevidencetothecontraryexists.10.Corporation:Corporationisabusinessorganizedasaseparatelegalentityunderstatecorporationlawandhavingowners

7、hipdividedintotransferablesharesofstock.11.Costprinciple:Costprincipleisawidelyusedprincipleofaccountingforassetsattheiroriginalcosttothecurrentowner.12.Financialaccounting:Financialaccountingreferstothedevelopmentanduseofaccountinginformationdescribingthefinancialp