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《牛津译林 模块六第二单元 M6U2 Grammar and usage语法.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、GrammarandusageUnit2在前一个单元，我们回顾了非谓语动词在句子中充当主语、定语和宾语补足语时所表示的意义，以及他们在充当这些句子成分时的区别。这节课，我们接着学习非谓语动词的另一句法功能—作状语。语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。ObjectivesTolearntoidentifynon-finiteverbsusedasadverbialsTolearnthedifferencesbetweent
2、oinfinitiveandverb-ing/verb-edwhenusedasadverbialsTolearndifferentformsofnon-finiteverbsInfinitive,verb-ingandverb-edNon-finiteverbsareoftenusedasadverbials.Whatarethehiddenmeaningsdotheyusuallyexpress?Arethereanydifferenceswhentheyareusedasadverbials?Dotheyhaveanyoth
3、erforms?ReadthepointsonPage24.Youwillfindtheanswers.动词不定式作状语不定式作状语时，要注意不定式的逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。(1)做目的状语可单独出现，或以inorderto+动词原形、soasto+动词原形等形式做目的状语，可置于句首，意为“为了……”，如：Tocatchthebus,youmustgetupearly.=Inordertocatchthebus…=Youmustgetupearlysoastocatch…(2)做结果或程度状语常以enoughto或too
4、…to…等形式出现，并能转换成so…that…句式。如：LiuMeiwasluckyenoughtoreceivemanybooksfromProjectHope.=LiuMeiwassoluckythatshereceivedmanybooksfromProjectHope.Hewastooyoungtoliftthatbox.=Hewassoyoungthathecannotliftthatbox.—Couldyoubesokindastoclosethewindow?—Withpleasure.Iamsuchafoolast
5、othinkthatsheisawarm-heartedwoman.Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthetrainhadleft.(3)做原因状语常用在sorry,glad,surprised,pleased,angry等词后说明产生这种情绪的原因，或表示没有预料到的、事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子的后面，若不定式为不及物动词，其后应加必要的介词。如：I’msorrytohearaboutyourfailureonbusiness.Hewillbesogladtoseeyouhere.分词作状语1
6、.分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、让步、条件、方式或伴随状语。通常可以转换成相应的状语从句。表示方式或伴随状况时可以转换成并列或非限制性定语从句。如：PutintouseinApril2000(=WhenitwasputintouseinApril2000),thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.(时间)Blamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork(=Becauses
7、hewasblamedforthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork),Alicewasinlowspirits.(原因)Giventime(=Ifheisgiventime),he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.(条件)Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,thinkingthatallchildrenlikethem.(=andthinkthat…)(伴随)2.有时为了强调，分词前可带when,while,once,if,thou
8、gh,although,asif,unless等连词一起作状语，以便句子的意思更清楚、更连贯。如：Whencomparingdifferentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswitho
