2013年职称英语测试辅导补全短文-Gross National Product (GNP).doc

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1、2013年职称英语考试辅导补全短文-GrossNationalProduct(GNP)2013年职称英语考试报名也越来越近了，报名时间：11月中下旬至次年1月份(以当地人事考试部门公布的时间为准)，考试时间：2013年3月30日。下面是一些职称英语考试辅导资料，请大家参考！GrossNationalProduct(GNP)GNPismeasuremostoftenusedtodeterminehowwelltheeconomyisfaring;governmentandbusinessalike____(1)____.WhatdoesGNPinclude?Iftheretailpriceso

2、fallthegoodsandservicesproducedduringtheyearwereaddedup，thefigurearrivedatwouldbethegrossnationalproductforthatyear.Therearethreedifferentapproachestodetermininggrossnationalproduct.Allthreewillyieldthesameanswer，becauseeachisdoingthesamething-measuringthetotalvalueofgoodsandservicesproducedinthena

3、tionduringtheyear.Thefirstapproachistotalingupthefinalmarketpriceofretailvalueofallproduction.ThisapproachiseasytounderstandbecauseitfollowsexactlythedefinitionofGNP-thevalueofthenation´sproduction，orproduct，_____(2)_____.ItisalsopossibletolookatGNPfromthepointofviewofgoodsandservicesboughtratherth

4、anproduced.Thismethodiscalledtheexpendituresapproach;itinvolvesrecording____(3)____.Abouttwo-thirdsofallexpendituresinthemarketplaceareforconsumergoodsandservicesandaremadebyfamiliesbuyingtosatisfytheirneeds.Economistscallthesehouseholdpurchasespersonalconsumptionexpenditures.Thesecondlargestbuyeri

5、nthemarketplaceisgovernment.Governmentatalllevel´saccountsforoverone-fifthoftotalexpenditures.Investmentexpendituresmadebybusinessaccountformostoftheremainingpurchases.Underthiscategoryareallpurchasesofcapitalgoods(suchasmachineryandequipment)，allconstruction(includinghomes)，andthedifferencesbetwee

6、ninventoriesatthebeginningoftheyearandattheendoftheyear.Thefinalandsmallestitemintheexpenditureapproachisnetforeigninvestment.Thetotalforthiscategoryiscalculatedbyaddingtogetheralltheexpenditures____(4)____andsubtractingfromthatamountthetotalofallU.S.purchasesmadeabroad.ThethirdmethodofdeterminingG

7、NPisbyanalyzingincome.Becausethefactorsofproductionareresponsibleforthemakingofgoodsandservices，itispossibletodetermineGNPbyaddingupallthepaymentsmadetothoseinvolvedinthisproduction.Thesumofallwages，salarie