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1、电机转速红外遥控系统的设计摘要本单片机红外遥控系统采用红外线脉冲个数编码、单片机软件解码,实现了对一个交流电动机的启停及转速控制。控制芯片采用AT89C2051单片机,其中红外编码脉冲是由按键值来决定其编码格式的;AT89S52单片机产生控制可控硅的移相脉冲,通过移相角的改变来实现导通角的改变,从而控制交流电机的转速。系统由遥控发射、遥控接收和电机控制三部分组成。遥控发射器的设计由AT89C2051单片机来完成,让单片机平时都处于低功耗空闲待机状态,一旦有按键按下,就会通过中断唤醒单片机进入正常工作状态,单片机采集按键信息并将其编码发送出去进行键盘查询,并由查询的键号控制红外管发射电路发出
2、相应的脉冲,发射完毕后再进入低功耗空闲状态。遥控接收电路中的AT89S52单片机,采用5V的直流电源供电,当红外线接收器接收到红外编码信息后,便进行信息的解码,将解码信息送到单片机,单片机通过辨认取出有效的信息,在过零检测电路给主芯片提供一个标准的零电压起点后,发出相应的移相角脉冲,由其控制可控硅导通角的大小,从而控制电机的转速,在控制转速的同时,单片机发出脉冲控制LED灯的亮/灭来显示相应的档位。关键词:单片机,红外编码与解码,过零检测,移相角,交流电机控制DESIGNOFMOTORSPEEDINFRAREDREMOTE-CONTROLSYSTEMABSTRACTTheappliedsy
3、stemoftheMCUusesthenumberofencoderpulsesbyinfraredremotecontrolandsoftwaredecoderwithMCUtoachievetoexchangeamotortoopen,stopandspeedcontrol.ThemaincontrolchipistheMCUofAT89C2051,thenumberofkeydeterminestheencodingformatofinfraredpulse;TheMCUofAT89S52producesphase-shiftedpulsetocontroltheSCR,withth
4、ephaseanglechanging,itcanchangetheconductionangle,sothattheACmotorspeedischanged.Firedbyremotecontrol,remotecontrolreceivingsystemandmotorcontrolofthreeparts.ThedesignofremotecontroltransmittercanbecompletedbytheMCUofAT89C2051,itisusuallyinalow-poweridlestandbymode,onceanybuttonwaspressed,itwillwa
5、keuptheMCUandenterthestateofthenormalworkbytheinterruption,thentheMCUcollectsthebuttoninformationandsentoutthecodingtosearchthekeyboard,withthenumberofkeysbyinquiringhelp,itcancontroltheinfraredtransmittertubetosendoutthepulse,afterthattheMCUwillenterthelow-poweridlestateagain.TheMCUofAT89S52inthe
6、remotecontrolreceivercircuitissuppliedbytheDC5Vpower,whentheinfraredreceiverreceivestheinformationofinfraredencoded,thenthedecoderofinformationwillbedecodedandsenttoMCU,theMCUwillpickouttheeffectiveinformation,afterthattheMCUsendsoutthesuitablephase-shiftedpulsewhenthecircuitofzero-crossingdetecti
7、onprovidesastandardstartingpointofzerovoltagetothemainchip,itcanchangetheconductionangleofSCR,sothatitcancontrolthemotor’sspeed,whileitcontrolsthespeed,MCUsendsoutthepulsetocontroltheLED‘sonorofftoshowthestalls.K