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一、可数名词单数变复数专题;(2017-05-24)(一)规则变化名词单数变复数,直接加-s占多数;【books、girls、】s,x,,sh,ch,z来结尾,直接加上-es;【山西试吃z了—>s;x;sh;chi;z】词尾是f或fe,加-s之前先变ve;【两种情况:解说2和3】辅母+y在词尾,把y变i再加-es;【一定注意是辅母y加es,元音只加s】词尾字母若是o,两人两物es;其它都是加s黑(人)吃土豆;英雄吃西红柿-es【Negroesheroes,potatoes;tomatoes】(二)不规则变化男人女人a变e,鹅足牙齿oo变ee;【men;women;goose-geese;foot-feet;tooth-teeth】老鼠虱子也好记,ous变ic;【mouse-mice】【louse-lice】孩儿加ren,公牛加en。【child-children】【ox--oxen】This--these(这些)that-those(那些)注明:goose两意思所以复数也是两种:鹅(geese)和长柄熨斗(gooses)1)看起来是单数其实是复数:People(人们)police(警察的总称)Cattle(牛牲口等的总称)谓语动词不能用三单。2)看起来是复数其实是单数:Maths(数学)politics(政治)physics(物理)学科;news(消息)theUnitedStates(美国)theUnitedNations(联合国)3)有些词的复数形式表示不同的意思,谓语用复数goods(货物)waters(水域)fishes(各种鱼)[鱼的复数是fish,fishes表示各种鱼]【解说】1.以-s,-z,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,变成复数时加-es,例如:bus→buses,buzz→buzzes,box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes2.-f(e)结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀:①树叶半数自已黄,妻子拿刀去割粮,架后窜出一只狼,就像强盗逃命忙。②妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌,躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。例如:leaf(树叶,叶子),half(一半),self(自已),wife(妻子),knife(刀子),shelf(架子),wolf(狼),thief(窃贼,强盗)和life(生命),这些名词变成复数时,都要改-f(e)为v,再加-es。3.-f结尾的名词直接加-s变复数歌诀:海湾边、屋顶上,首领奴仆两相望;谁说他们无信仰,证据写在手帕上。例如:gulf,roof,chief,serf,belief(信仰),proof,handkerchief,这些名词变复数直接加-s。注:scarf(围巾;披风)两种都可以::scarfs和scarves4.辅音字母+y结尾的名词,把y变i加-es。例如:baby→babies,country→countries,family→families;而-y前是元音时,-y不变,直接加-s。例如:day→days,boy→boys5.以-o结尾的名词变复数时,多数直接加-s。例如:radio→radios,piano→pianos,kangaroo→kangaroos;有的须加-es,中学课本中有几个这样的单词,可以通过一句口诀来记忆:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。即:Negro→Negroes,hero→heroes,tomato→tomatoes,potato→potatoes;有的以o结尾的名词既可加-s也可加-es。例如:volcano(火山)→volcanos/volcanoes等。6.名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如:man→men,woman→women,goose→geese, foot→feet,tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,louse(虱子)→lice,child→children,7.初中课本中表示“某国人”的名词复数形式变化可通过歌诀记忆:中日瑞士不变英法变,其余-s加后面。例如:Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese;Swiss→Swiss,Englishman→Englishmen,Englishwoman→Englishwomen,Frenchman→Frenchmen,Frenchwoman→Frenchwomen;American→Americans,Rusian→Rusians,Arab→Arabs,German→Germans等8.不可数名词一般只有单数形式,没有复数形式。有些不可数名词可借助单位词表示一定的数量。如:acupoftea一杯茶,twopiecesofpaper两张纸,anitemofnews一则新闻9、不变化的有6个:fishdeerdeer,sheepChineseJapaneseSwiss→Swiss学习顺序版(最常考大全)单词复数意思单词复数意思bookbooks书babybabies婴儿girlgirls女孩countrycountries国家;乡村;地区busbuses公交车familyfamilies家,家庭buzzbuzzes蜜蜂嗡嗡声;嘈杂声daydays日NegroeNegroes黑人boyboys男孩heroheroes英雄radioradios收音机potatopotatoes土豆pianopianos钢琴tomatotomatoes西红柿kangarookangaroos袋鼠manmen男人ChineseChinese中国人goosegeese鹅JapaneseJapanese日本人footfeet脚SwissSwiss瑞士人toothteeth牙EnglishmanEnglishmen英国人mousemice老鼠FrenchmanFrenchmen法国人louselice虱子AmericanAmericans美国人childchildren孩子RusianRusians俄罗斯人fishfish鱼ArabArabs阿拉伯人deerdeer鹿GermanGermans德国人sheepsheep羊scarfscarfs/arves围巾披风Thisthese这个gulfgulfs海湾边thatthose那个roofroofs屋顶上boxboxes盒子chiefchiefs首领watchwatches表;手表serfserfs奴仆brushbrushes刷子beliefbeliefs信仰leafleaves树叶proofproofs证据halfhalves一半handkerchiefhandkerchiefs手帕selfselves自己foxfoxes狐狸wifewives妻子umbrellaumbrellas伞knifeknives刀toytoys玩具shelfshelves架子classclasses班级wolfwolves狼 thiefthieves窃贼强盗lifelives生命测试版单词复数意思 单词复数意思Rusian thiefbox familyAmerican serfbelief babyhalf mousefoot countryhero tomatotooth daybrush proofgulf sheepknife busleaf kangaroobook wifeJapanese scarfArab deerradio buzzFrenchman wolftoy chiefself Englishmanroof lousepotato Germanwatch girlman thatSwiss pianohandkerchief ChineseNegroe umbrellaThis shelfboy lifegoose foxfish child classmonkey 测试答案单词复数意思 单词复数意思RusianRusians俄罗斯人 thiefthieves窃贼强盗boxboxes盒子 familyfamilies家,家庭AmericanAmericans美国人 serfserfs奴仆beliefbeliefs信仰 babybabies婴儿halfhalves一半 mousemice老鼠footfeet脚 countrycountries国家乡村地区heroheroes英雄 tomatotomatoes西红柿toothteeth牙 daydays日brushbrushes刷子 proofproofs证据gulfgulfs海湾边 sheepsheep羊knifeknives刀 busbuses公交车leafleaves树叶 kangarookangaroos袋鼠bookbooks书 wifewives妻子JapaneseJapanese日本人 scarfscarfs/arves围巾披风ArabArabs阿拉伯人 deerdeer鹿radioradios收音机 buzzbuzzes蜜蜂嗡声嘈杂声FrenchmanFrenchmen法国人 wolfwolves狼toytoys玩具 chiefchiefs首领selfselves自己 EnglishmanEnglishmen英国人roofroofs屋顶上 louselice虱子potatopotatoes土豆 GermanGermans德国人watchwatches表;手表 girlgirls女孩manmen男人 thatthose那个SwissSwiss瑞士人 pianopianos钢琴handkerchiefhandkerchiefs手帕 ChineseChinese中国人NegroeNegroes黑人 umbrellaumbrellas伞Thisthese这个 shelfshelves架子boyboys男孩 lifelives生命goosegeese鹅 foxfoxes狐狸fishfish鱼 childchildren孩子classclasses班级monkeymonkeys猴子