高中英语 CRI听力2012年08月合辑（文本） House-of-Cards素材.doc

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1、CRI英语听力2012年08月合辑（文本）：House-of-CardsIsitpossibletomakeabilliondollarsinjustoneweek?Oneexpertincomputerhackingthinksso.Hesaysallyouneedarecomputerskillsandacriminalmind.Theproblemis,wecouldallbeatrisk.CRI'sDominicSwirehasmore.Cashorcard?It'saquestionweal

2、lfaceatthesupermarketcheckout.ButnewresearchfromEuropesuggestspayingbycardmaynotbesosafe."We'retalkingaboutthelittlemachinesthatyoustickyourcardsinthatarenotcashdispensers."KarstenNohlisacomputerhackingexpertbasedinBerlin.He'sfoundaweaknessinpaymentterm

3、inaldevicesusedtoswipebankcards."Thewaythey'reattackableisverysimilartohowcomputerswereattackablesome15-20yearsago…Sobysendingunexpectednetworktraffictothem,youcaninstallviruses.""Oncethatisthecasethencardcloning,theentirecopyingofpaymentcardsincludingp

4、innumberscouldbecomealargescaleproblem."Karstensaysittookhimafewdaystofindthisweakness.Hewarnsit'sjustamatteroftimebeforecriminalslearnthesametrick.Cardfraudisalreadybigbusiness.3billionUSdollarswerelosttothecrimein2010,accordingtoareportfromCambridgeUn

5、iversity.Manycountriesarenowintroducingnewcardswithamicrochipinside.Theseuseamoresecurepaymentsystem,calledEMV.Andthey'recurrentlybeingrolledoutinChina.ButKarstenKnolsaysthenewEMVstandardisnotstrongenough."AnyEMVstandardeverbuilthasasitsfoundationtheass

6、umptionthatnoneofthesepaymentterminalswilleverbehackedandthatisana?veassumptiongivenhowmanymillionsofthesedevicesexistbeingbuiltbydozensofdifferentcompanieswithhundredsofdifferentsoftwareversions."So,whatcanvictimsofcardfrauddo?Thisisthekeyquestion,acco

7、rdingtosecurity-2-engineerRossAndersonfromCambridgeUniversity."Themostimportantthingfromthepointofviewofpolicyiswhetherthebanksareallowedtoshifttheburdenofliabilitytoomuchontomerchantsandcardholders."AndersonsaysEMVpaymentinsomecountriesmeanseithertheme

8、rchantorcardholderisheldresponsibleforfraudulentpayment.Inotherwords,bankshavegotoffthehook.Anderson:"Now,thisiswherethethingbreaksdowninsomecountries.Becauseifthebankcanmovealltheliabilityforfraudontoeitherthecardholderorthemerc