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1、2012届高考英语考前冲刺精选语法定语从句I定义：在句中起定语的作用、修饰句子中的名词或代词的从句。因其功能类似形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。II三要素：先行词关系代词（who,whom,whose,which，that,as)关系副词（when,where,why)关系词在定语从句中充当成分III定语从句分类:限定性定语从句，非限定性定语从句IV定语从句中关系代词的判断以及关系词判断步骤:①首先，要辨别出先行词。②划出定语从句③确定关系词，确定关系词在从句中的成分a,缺少成份（主语，宾语）选择关系代词如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用who,th
2、at,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或thatb,不缺成份选择关系副词V定语从句中的注意事项1.只能用which,that或who,whom的情况。有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which①从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that引导从句.Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.②先行词是all,someth
3、ing,nothing,anything不定代词时,只能用that.Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.Notallthatglittersisgold.③.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that引出从句Icanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.④先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,few,no,all,any作修饰，用thatIsittheonethatyouwant?Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.⑤
4、.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，关系词用thatWhichisthebikethatyoulost?Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?用who,而不用that①先行词是one(s),anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Onewhohasnothingtofearoneselfdarestotellthetruth.②.在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanol
5、dmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which非限制定语从句，从句中缺少主语或者宾语时只用which-5-用心爱心专心介词提前只用whichHecamelateforthemeeting,whichmadeusverydisappointed.Ican’tfindtheshopinwhichIboughtthebook.whose的用法①Iliveinthehouse,___doorfacessouth.②Iliveintheho
6、use,thedoor______facessouth.③Iliveinthehouse,_____thedoorfacessouth.关系代词与关系副词的用法区别①I’llneverforgetthedays______________weworkedtogether.②I’llneverforgetthedays___________wespenttogether.③IwenttotheplaceIworkedtenyearsago.④Iwenttotheplace_____________Ivisitedtenyearsago.⑤Thisi
7、sthereason_______________hewaslate.⑥Thisisthereason______________hegave.4.Which和as的区别①Thesunheatstheearth,______isveryimportanttous.②Hefailedintheexam,_____wasexpected.A.thatB.asC.whichD.itWhatisknowntoallisthat….Itisknowntoallthat…as引导定语从句常用结构asisoftenthecase;asweallexpected
8、/isexpected;ashasbeenmentionedabove;asyoudescribe;ascanbeseeninthech
