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1、定语从句 功能:定语从句相当于形容词,修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。位置:定语从句置于被修饰词之后。thebeautifulgirlthegirlwhoisbeautifultheteamingreentheteamwhoarewearinggreenclothes结构:中心词/先行词+关系词+定语从句中心词/先行词:名词/名词短语/代词关系词引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。※关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等,绝对没有what;※关系副词有where,when,why,how等。关系词常有
2、3个作用: ①连接作用,引导定语从句。 ②代替主句中的先行词,甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 ③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。※解题关键:选择正确的关系词就看先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分.注:关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语,时间状语,原因状语等。(1)Heisthemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou. (2)Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.(3)Theman_____youspoketojustnow
3、isourEnglishteacher.(4)Changes which/thathadneverbeenseenbefore appear inthecountryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(5)Thepackage______youare carrying isabouttocome unwrapped. whose通常指人也可指物 在定语从句中做定语,表所有。 (1)Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor. (2)Ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.关系副词:在句中作
4、状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhich where=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配) when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)IstillrememberthefirsttimewhenImether.BythetimewhenyouarrivedinLondon,wehadstayedtherefortwoweeksThisistheday____Iwillnotforgetforever.Thisistheday____Ifirstcametoschool.Thisisthepl
5、ace_____Iworkedinthepast.Thisistheplace____Ivisitedinthepast.Thisisthereason____Iwaslateyesterday.Thisisthereason____Icanonlygaveyou.※ 在以下情况代表物时that而不用which:a)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,none等不定代词时 Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice. b)先行词由every,any,a
6、ll,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoilc)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.d)先行词中既有人又有物时;Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;Whoisthemanthatisstan
7、dingthere?f)当先行词为物并作表语时;Thevillageisnolongertheonethatitusedtobe10yearsago.g)先行词同时又被one,theonly,thevery,thesame修饰时; Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowned. h)在therebe句型中,句子的主语是先行词,而且又是物 i)以hereis开头的句子 k)Itisahightime+定语从句 非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用,缺少也不会影响全句的理解。在非限制性
8、定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开,如若将非限制性定语从句放在句子中间,前后都需要用逗号隔开。Hes
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