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1、冀教版（一起）三年级英语下册拓展资料Unit3Lesson21HistoryofFootball足球运动的历史Football,outdoorgame,playedbytwoopposingteamswithaballofvarioustypes,usuallyaninflatedbladderorrubberbaginaleatherorrubbercover,sphericalorellipsoidalinshape.Theobjectofthegameistoscorepointsbycarryin
2、gtheballacrossthegoallineoftheopponents,orbykickingtheballthroughoroverthegoaloftheopponents.TheprincipaltypesoffootballplayedtodayareAmericanfootball;associationfootball,orSoccer;Canadianfootball;Australianfootball;Gaelicfootball;andRugbyfootball.Touchfo
3、otballisaninformalvariationofthegame,withanynumberofplayersandusinganykindoffield.Insteadofbeingtackled,theballcarrierisstoppedbybeingtouched.Footballisagameofantiquity,knowntomanypeoples.TheancientGreeksplayedaformoffootballknownasharpaston,andtheRomansp
4、layedasimilargame,harpastum.InmedievaltimesaformoffootballknownascalicoflourishedinItaly.NativesofPolynesiaareknowntohaveplayedavarietyofthegamewithafootballmadeofbamboofibers,andtheInuitplayedaformoffootballwithaleatherballfilledwithmoss.Mostmodernversio
5、nsoffootball,however,originatedinEngland,whereaformofthegamewasknowninthe12thcentury.InsubsequentcenturiesfootballbecamesopopularthatvariousEnglishmonarchs,includingEdwardIIandHenryVI,forbadethegameonthetheorythatittookinterestawayfromthemilitarysportofar
6、chery.Nevertheless,footballgrewsteadilyinpopularity.Atthebeginningofthe19thcenturyseveraltypesofthegamepermittingplayerstokicktheballbutnotcarryitwerebeingplayedatvariousEnglishschools,includingEton,Harrow,andRugby.Themodificationofthegamethatpermitscarry
7、ingtheballwasfirstintroducedatRugbyin1823whenoneschoolboydisregardedtheestablishedrules,tuckedtheballunderhisarm,anddashedacrossthegoaloftheopponents.ThereafternumerousfootballclubssprangupinEngland,someplayingthekickinggame,otherstheball-carryinggame.In1
8、863anumberofclubsdevotedtothekickinggamemetinLondon,organizedtheLondonFootballAssociation,andadoptedacodeofuniformrules;thistypeofgamewashenceforthknownasassociationfootball,andlater3soccer,awordderivedfromassociati
