定语从句易犯错误、that、who的固定用法.ppt

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1、定语从句常见错误类型2应用定语从句易犯的小错误一、在定语从句中加了多余的宾语。误：SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn’tcome．正：SomeoftheboysIinviteddidn’tcome．译：我邀请的男孩中有几个没有来。析：应删去them，因为从句的宾语是省略了的whom，who或that。1.SomeofthegirlsIinvitedthemdidnotcome.此句因删去them，因为从句的宾语时省略了whom/who.2.Isthisthephotowhichyoutookitlastweek?应删去it，

2、因为从句的宾语时关系代词which，无需再用it了。4二、把定语从句谓语动词的单、复数弄错。误：Anyonewhobreakthelawwillbepunished．正：Anyonewhobreaksthelawwillbepunished．译：任何违犯法律的人将被处罚。析：应改break为breaks，因为who指anyone，是单数。knowknowsHeistheonlyoneoftheteacherswho_____(know)Frenchinourschool.Heisoneofthemaleteacherswho____(know)F

3、renchinourschool.Tip：关系代词在从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数必须保持一致。Thosewhohasfinishedtheirhomeworkmayleavetheclassroomnow.ThewomanwhoteachusEnglishisJenny.haveteaches3.Thisisoneofthehousesthatisfreenow.areoneofthe+复数名词这一结构中，从句中谓语用复数。theonlyoneofthe+复数名词，从句谓语用单数6三、误省略了定语从句中作主语的关系代词。误：Thekeyo

4、pensthebikeismissing．正：Thekeythat／whichopensthebikeismissing．译：开这辆自行车的钥匙不见了。析：应加上关系代词that或which，因为从句少主语，且主语不能省略。小结：1.定语从句中不能缺少先行词。2.在从句中作主语的关系代词不可省。1.Thisiswhoeveryonerespects.(这就是大家尊敬的人。)2.Childreneatmuchsugaroftengetbadteeth.单句改错并指出错误所在theperson/manwho8TheAttributiveclause1

5、定语从句91.引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。引导词3个作用：10关系代词用法关系代词指代在从句中的作用thatwhichwhowhomwhose(=ofwhich)人／物主／宾主／宾主／宾宾定人人人／物物Summary11that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Readthesesentencestofindtherules.1)I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Iamsureshehassomething(that)youc

6、anborrow.(RULE1)当先行词是all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时或被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few,only等修饰时.122)Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisisthebestplace(that)wehavevisited.3)Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.Heisjusttheperson(that)wearelookingf

7、or.(RULE3)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,　justthe等修饰时。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。(RULE2)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。134)Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandtheschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere.5)Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?(RULE5)

8、先行词是who或who引导的主句。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用