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1、直接引语与间接引语面面观(二)上一单元我们讲了当直接引语是陈述句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句及一般疑问句时与间接引语转换的方法,这一单元我们来看看当直接引语是祈使句及感叹句时转换成间接引语的规律。【例句展示】仔细观察下列三组句子,注意祈使句的变化。1.“PayattentiontoEnglishgrammarinyourarticle,”theteachersaid.→TheteachertoldthestudentstopayattentiontoEnglishgrammarintheirarticle.2.“Don’tmakeanynoisewhileIamatw
2、ork,”Momsaidtous.→Momtoldusnottomakeanynoisewhileshewasatwork.3.“Don’topentheletter,”hesaid.→HesaidthatIwasn’ttoopentheletter.【自我归纳】观察以上三组例句,我们可以发现祈使句变为间接引语时,除了有人称的变化外,句式上也发生了变化。★多使用一个不定式,有时也可使用一个______。★前面的谓语动词根据语气来决定。常见的引用动词为tell/order/desire/beg/ask/request/demand等,后常接sb.(not)todos
3、th.。【特别提示】1.当直接引语是祈使句时,转换为间接引语时,除了上文提到的含有祈使意义的动词tell,ask等之外,还经常用到command,warn,advise,suggest,insist等动词。2.有些表示建议的祈使句,变成间接引语时一般用suggestdoing/suggestthatsb.(should)do...或advisesb.todo/advisethatsb.(should)do...。如:“Let’sgocampingthisweekend,”Tomsaidtous.→Tomsuggested(us)①______thatweekend
4、.→Tomsuggestedthat②______thatweekend.【例句展示】仔细观察下列三组句子,注意感叹句的变化。1.Hesaid,“Oh,whatapityitis!”→Hecriedoutwhatapityitwas.3用心爱心专心2.Hesaystous,“Whatbadweatheritis!”→Hetellsuswhatbadweatheritis.3.Marysaid,“HowexcitedIam!”→Marysaidthatshewasveryexcited.【归纳总结】感叹句从直接引语变为间接引语时,要注意:★适当改动引用动词,可以使用
5、what和how作连词,语序不变;也可使用that引导,将句子变成相应的宾语从句。★如果直接引语中的谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时或将来时,变成间接引语时,时态无需变化。(这一点同样适用于陈述句和疑问句。)直接引语与间接引语之间的转换规律繁多,但同学们要记住:语言是活生生的,在平时的学习中要灵活掌握并使用这些规则。【即学即练】将下列直接引语变为间接引语。1.“SpeakEnglishmoreoftenthanjustinclass,”ourEnglishteachersaidtous.→______________________________________
6、_.→_______________________________________.2.“Don’tplaywithfire,littleboys,”thepolicemansaid.→_______________________________________.3.Katesaid,“Let’sdiscusstheproblemtomorrow.”→_______________________________________.→_______________________________________.4.“Dobequiet,please!”Miss
7、Helensaidtothenoisyboys.→_______________________________________.5.Mysistersaid,“You’dbettertidyyourroombyyourself.”→_______________________________________.6.LiMingsaidtome,“Willyoukeepthesecretforme?”→_______________________________________.7.Myteacheralwayssaid,“Whataninterestingan
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