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1、摘要数控机床即数字程序控制机床，是一种自动化机床，数控技术是数控机床研究的核心，是制造业实现自动化、网络化、柔性化、集成化的基础。随着制造技术的发展，现代数控机床借助现代设计技术、工序集约化和新的功能部件使机床的加工围、动态性能、加工精度和可靠性有了极大的提高。本文主要对XK5040数控立式铣床及控制系统进行设计，首先分析立式铣床的加工特点和加工要求确定其主参数，包括运动和动力参数；根据主参数和设计要求进行主运动系统、进给系统和控制系统硬件电路设计。主要进行主运动系统和进给系统的机械结构设计及滚珠丝杠和步进电机的选型和校核；对于控制系统由于这里主要针
2、对经济型数控铣床的设计，这里采用步进电机开环控制，计算机系统采用高性能价格比的MCS-51系列单片扩展系统，主要进行中央处理单元的选择、存储器扩展和接口电路设计。由于本文采用8031单片机控制系统，因此，设计出的立式铣床性能价格比高，满足经济性要求。可实用于加工精度较高的场合。关键词数控技术；立式铣床；设计ABSTRACTThenumericalcontrolenginebedisthedigitalprocesscontrolenginebed,isonekindofautomatedenginebed,thenumericalcontroltec
3、hnologyisthecorewhichthenumericalcontrolenginebedstudies,isthemanufacturingindustryrealizationautomation,thenetwork,theflexibility,theintegratedfoundation.Alongwiththemanufacturetechnologydevelopment,themodernnumericalcontrolenginebedwiththeaidofthemoderndesigntechnology,thewor
4、kingprocedureintensificationandthenewfunctionpartcausedtheenginebedtheprocessingscope,thedynamicperformance,theprocessingprecisionandthereliabilityhadtheenormousenhancement.ThisarticlemainlycarriesonthedesigntotheXK5040numericalcontrolverticalmillingmachineandthecontrolsystem,f
5、irstanalyzestheverticalmillingmachinetheprocessingcharacteristicandtheprocessingrequestdeterminesitshostparameter,includingmovementanddynamicparameter;Carryonthehostkinematicschemeaccordingtothehostparameterandthedesignrequest,entersforthesystemandthecontrolsystemhardwarecircui
6、tdesign.Mainlycarriesonthehostkinematicschemeandentersforthesystemmechanismdesignandtheballbearingguidescrewandelectricsteppingmotorshapingandtheexamination;Regardingcontrolsystembecauseheremainlyaimsattheeconomynumericalcontrolmillingmachinethedesign,hereuseselectricsteppingmo
7、toropen-loopcontrol,thecomputersystemusesthehighperformancepricecomparedtotheMCS-51seriesmonolithicexpansionsystem,mainlycarriesonthecentralprocessingelementthechoice,thememoryexpansionandtheconnectioncircuitdesign.Becausethisarticleuses8,monolithicintegratedcircuitscontrolsyst
8、em,therefore,designstheverticalmillingmachineperforman
