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时间:2020-06-05
《纳米材料导论复习题.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、纳米材料复习题关键词翻译:1、Nanomaterials(纳米材料)ScanningTunnelingMicroscope(STM)(扫描隧道显微镜)Zero(one,two,three)-dimension(零、一、二、三维)SizeEffect-Kubotheory(尺寸效应-库伯理论)(1)Quantumsizeeffect(量子尺寸效应)(2)Smallsizeeffect(小尺寸效应)Surfaceeffect(表面效应)CoulombblockadeandQuantumtunnelingeffect(库仑堵塞和量子隧穿效应)Dielectricco
2、nfinementeffect(介电限域效应)2、Clusters(团簇)Nanoparticle(纳米微粒)SupersaturatedVapor(过饱和蒸气)Heterogeneousnucleation(异相成核)Homogeneousnucleation(均相成核)MagicNumbers(幻(魔)数)3、Primaryparticles(初始颗粒、一次颗粒)Secondaryparticles(二次颗粒)Precipitation(沉淀)Agglomeration(团聚)Scanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)扫描电镜Trans
3、missionelectronmicroscope(TEM)(透射电镜)High-resolutiontransmissionelectronmicroscope(HRTEM)(高分辨率透射电镜)4、MechanicalAttrition/MechanicalAlloying(MA)(机械研磨、机械合金化)High-energyBallMilling(高能球磨)Contamination(污染物)Comminution(破碎、粉碎)Intermetallic(金属间化合物)Oxide-dispersionstrengthenedsuperalloys(弥散氧化
4、物强化合金)Nanocomposites(纳米化合物)Dislocation(位错)5、sol-gel溶胶-凝胶alkoxidesolution醇盐溶液colloidalsols胶体溶液microporousmonoliths多孔块体材料anisotropic/isotropicshrinkage各向异性、各向同性收缩polymerpyrolysis聚合物高温分解hydrolysis水解6、Agreenbody(素坯)Pressurelesssintering(无压烧结)Inhomogeneoussintering(非均一烧结)Densification(致密
5、化)Porosity(多孔性)PressureAssistedSintering(压力辅助烧结)Sinter-forging(烧结锻压)7、Electroniceffects(电子效应)Supporteffects(载体效应)Shapeeffects(形状效应)Zeolite(Molecularsieve)(沸石、分子筛)Catalyst(催化剂)Adsorbent(吸附剂)8、YieldStrength(屈服强度)Hall-Petchequation(霍尔佩奇方程)Diffusioncreeprate(扩散蠕变速率)Coblecreep(扩散蠕变-Coble
6、蠕变)Triplejunctions(三叉晶界)Superplasticity(超塑性)9、Massspectra质谱Fullerene 富勒烯Buckyball巴基球Electricarc电弧High-performanceliquidchromatography高效液相色谱法Nuclearmagneticresonance核磁共振Allotrope同素异形体Pentagon/hexagon五边形、六边形名词解释及问答:一、ThedefinitionofNanomaterials:Materialshavingacharacteristiclengthsca
7、lelessthanaboutahundrednanometers.(长度尺寸小于一百纳米的材料)Classificationaccordingtodimensions:(1)Three-dimensionNanomaterials(Zeolite)(2)Two-dimensionfilm,superlattice(3)One-dimensionnanowire,nanotube(4)Zero-dimensionparticle,clusterBasictheoryofnanoparticles1.SizeEffect-Kubotheory(尺寸效应-库伯理论
8、):当纳米材料的组成尺寸(如晶粒的尺寸
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