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1、CooperativePeer-to-PeerStreaming:AnEvolutionaiyGame-TheoreticApproachYanChen.StudentMembei;正EE,BeibeiWang,StedengMember,IEEE,W.SabrinaLin,Member,IEEE,YongleWu,StudentMember,IEEE,andK,.J.RayLiu,Fellow,IEEEAbstract—Whilepeer-to-peer(P2P)videostreamingsystemshaveachievedpromisingresults,theyintroducea
2、largenumberofunnecessarytraverse1inks,whichconsequengly1eadstosubstantialnetworkinefficiency.Toaddressthisproblemandachievebetterstreamingperformance,weproposetoenablecooperationamong“grouppeers,"whicharegeographicallyneighboringpeerswithlargeintra-groupuploadanddownloadbandwidths.Consideringthepee
3、rs'selfishnature,weformulatethecooperativestream!ngproblemasanevolutionarygameandderive,foreverypeer,theevolutionarilystablestrategy(ESS),whichisthestableNashequilibriumandnoonewilldeviatefrom.Moreover,weproposeasimpleanddistributedlearningalgorithmforthepeerstoconvergetotheESSs.edfromthepeer'sownp
4、adtWiththeproposedalgorithm,eachpeerdecideswhethertobeanagentwhodownloadsdatafromthepeersoutsidethegrouporafreeriderwhodownloadsdatafromtheagentsbysimplytossingacoin,wheretheprobabilityofbeingaheadforthecoinislearnedfromthepeer'sownpastpayoffhistory.Simulationresultsshoutothetraditionalnon-cooperat
5、iveP2Pschemes,theproposedcooperativeschemeachievesmuchbetterperformanceintermsofsocialwelfare,probabilityofreal-timestreaming,andvideoquality(sourcerate).IndexTerms一Coopreativestreaming,distributedlearning,evolutionary,gametheory,peer-to-peer(P2P),replicatordynamics.IIntroductionWiththerapiddevelop
6、mentofsignalprocessing,communication,andnetworkingtechnologies,video-over-IPapplicationsbecomemoreandmorepopularandhaveattractedmillionsofusersovertheInternet.OnesimplesolutiontovideostreamingoverInternetistheclient-serverservicemodel,wherethevideoisstreameddirectlyfromaservertoclients.Howeverwitht
7、heclient-serverservicemodel,theuploadbandwidthoftheservergrowsproportionallywiththenumberofclients,whicemakesthelarge-scalevideostreamingimpractical.Toreducetheworkloadoftheserver,peer-to-peer(P2P)servicemo