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1、非谓语动词在句子中担任谓语的动词,叫做________在句子中担任主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语的动词,叫做__________谓语动词与非谓语动词谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词的分类todo不定式doingdone过去分词______________(起名词作用)(起形容词副词作用)动名词现在分词1.作主语/表语(todo/doing)LearningEnglishisimportant.TolearnEnglishisimportant.Seeingisbelieving.2.作定语(todo/doing/done)thefallingleavesthebroke
2、ncupHeisalwaysthefirststudenttocome.Doyouknowthegirlstandingthere？HaveyoureadthenovelwrittenbyDickens?Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Germanyisadevelopedcountry.todo表示要去做，doing表示主动或进行，done表示被动或完成①不定式表示“将要”现在分词表示正在或主动过去分词表示完成或被动 __________in2013Thebuilding__________now__________lastyearisateach
3、ingbuilding.tobebuiltbeingbuiltbuilt不定式,动名词,现在分词,过去分词作定语比较3.作状语Icameheretoseeyou.Hesatthere,watchingTV.Seeingnobodyathome,hedecidedtoleaveanote.Givenmoretime,Icandoitbetter.Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.Seenfromthetower,thecitylooksbeautiful.Heated,themetalexpands.(=Whenitisseen
4、fromthetower,...)(=Whenitisheated,…)Givenanotherchance,Iwilldoitmuchbetter.(=IfIamgivenanotherchance),①todo作状语表示原因(放在表情绪的词后)目的和结果而doing,done作状语表示时间、原因(一般放句首)、条件、方式、伴随和结果(自然而然的结果)Hehurriedtothestation,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.Hiswifedied,leavinghim3children.不定式,现在分词,过去分词作状语比较Havingfinish
5、edmywork,Isatdowntohavearest.Doing的完成式:完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。4.作宾补see,hear,have,make,find等动词的宾语后+do/doing/doneIsawhercrossthestreet.Isawhercrossingthestreet.Isawherknockeddownbyabike.Iwillhavemycarrepaired.过去分词的逻辑主语1.过去分词用作宾语补足语时的基本结构是“动词+宾语+过去分词(用作宾语补足语)”,该结构中过去分词的逻辑主语就是它之前的“宾语”。如:Ihear
6、dmynamecalled.(myname为called的逻辑主语)2.过去分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。如:Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldgrowbetter.(thetrees为given的逻辑主语)3.有时过去分词也能有自己独立的主语，一般为名(代)词，位于其前，和过去分词构成独立主格结构。如：Weatherpermitting,theywillgoout.(weather为permitting的逻辑主语)注：独立主格结构有时可在其前加上with,构成with+宾语+宾补(todo,doing,done,adj,
7、adv,介词短语)形式,表原因，方式，伴随等。Withnothingtodo,Ifeelfree.Withherleadingtheway,Ihadnodifficultyfindingthehotel.Withmyjobfinished,Iwentouttoplay.Heoftensleepswiththewindowopen.Hewentoutwithahaton.Hecamein,withabookinhishand.(10全国I)Mrs.Whiteshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps____fromthelib
