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1、非谓语动词不定式(todo)v+ing过去分词(done)不定式：考察哪些短语接不带to的不定式；can’thelp/choosebutdo不得不,只能,不禁whynotdosth表示建议woulddoratherthando宁愿,更,还是为好不定式：考察短语"bebelieved/saidtodosth"的用法考察动词不定式的时态和语态：进行式tobedoing,完成式tohavedone;一般式被动语态tobedone;完成式被动语态tohavebeendone。另外，不定式短语有将来时的意思.不定式：在It’s+adj.结构中都用
2、不定式作主语。注意两种句型：It’seasy(difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,toomuch,toolittle,notenough)后加It’skind(nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave后加forsb.todoofsb.todo1.AIDSissaid____thenumber-onekillerofbothmenandwomenoverthepa
3、stfewyearsintheregion.(2002)A.beingB.tobeC.tohavebeenD.havingbeen2.TheMinisterofFinanceisbelieved____ofimposingnewtaxestoraiseextrarevenue.(2004)A.thatheisthinkingB.tobethinkingC.thatheistothinkD.tothinkCB动名词：1.必须接动名词做宾语的动词(动宾短语)acknowledge,advocate,anticipate,appreciate
4、,avoid,admit,consider,escape,favor,finish,forgive,practice,postpone,recall,risk,resist,suggest,tolerate。如：Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroad.动名词：2.介词后的ingprevent/stop/keepsb/sthfromdoing；spend/wastetime/moneyin；how/whataboutdoingsth；havesomedifficulty/
5、troubleindoing；thereisnosenseindoing；thank/admire/praise/blame/scold/punishsbfordoingsth动名词：3.动名词做介词短语(介宾短语)objectto,resortto,reactto,contributeto,lookforwardto,beaccustomedto,becommittedto,bedevotedto,bededicatedto,beopposedto,be(get)usedto,getdownto,taketo,onthewaytoIa
6、mlookingforwardtovisitingyourhometown.分词：如果非谓语动词跟句子中的逻辑主语呈主动关系，用现在分词—doing.如果非谓语动词跟句子中的逻辑主语呈被动关系，用过去分词—done.see1.Seeingfromthemountain,weshouted“howareyoudoing”.2.Seenfromthemountain,thecitylooksmuchmorebeautiful.win/defeat1.Defeatedinthewar,thestatebegantobreakdown.2.Wi
7、nningthewar,thecountrybegantoestablishitsownfinancialandpoliticalsystems.现在分词作状语特性---时间性。与谓语动词同时发生，用一般时doing，发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式havingdone。WatchingVSHavingwatched1.Watchingthemovie“Titanic”,hecouldn’thelpcrying.2.Havingwatchedthemovie“Titanic”for5times,herefusedtogothecinema
8、withme.LivingVSHavinglived1.HavinglivedinChinafortenyears,hetookaChinesegirlashiswife.2.Livinginasmallc
