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1、Welcometoourclass!Thesubjunctivemood虚拟语气Part1Learninggoals1.Knowwhatthesubjunctivemoodrefersto2.Knowthedifferentformsofthesubjunctivemood3.Masterthestructureofthesubjunctivemoodabout“if…”4.Dosomeexercisesaboutthe3thaim语气英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。虚拟语气虚拟
2、语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(常用在名词性从句中)。简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情，就用虚拟语气来表述虚拟语气的概念虚拟语气的常考形式：1.if引导的虚拟条件句2.名词性从句3.固定句式4.情态动词表示虚拟5.可用可不用虚拟语气的情况If引导的条件句a.if真实条件句表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。b.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。Ifwehavechances,weca
3、nhavefurthercooperation.IfIhaveanotherchance,IwillvisitChinaagain.if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思if条件从句一般现在时主句willshall+动词原形情态动词+动词原形Whatwillyoudoifitrainstomorrow?Iwillsleepathomeifitrainstomorrow.if虚拟条件句表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。if引导的虚拟条件句①与现在事实相反②与过去事实相反③与将来事实可能相反IfIhadagreatde
4、alofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.与现在事实相反IfIweretheleaderofQUST,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.与现在事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与现在事实相反的假设If+主语+动词的过去式（be动词一般用were)主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形1.IfIhadagreatdealofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla(别墅)formyparents.2.IfIwereth
5、eschoolmasterofQUST,Iwouldletthestudentsgetupalittlelatertogetabettersleep.即：If+一般过去时态（be动词一般用were)IfYaoJiaxinhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.与过去事实相反IfWilliamhadnotmarriedKate,Katewouldnothavegivenbirthtosuchalovelyson.与过去事实相反Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecou
6、ldhavecaughtthetrain.与过去事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与过去事实相反的假设If+主语+had+动词的过去分词1.IfYaoJiaxinhaddrivenmorecarefully,hewouldnothavecausedthecaraccidentinMay,2009.IfWilliamhadnotmarriedKate,Katewouldnothavegivenbirthtosuchalovelyson.3.Ifhehadgotupearlier,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.即：If+过去完成时态主语+wou
7、ld(should/might/could)＋havedoneIfImetObamasomeday,Iwouldtakephotoswithhim.IfIweretomeetObamasomeday,…IfIshouldmeetObamasomeday,…与将来事实相反if虚拟条件句if虚拟条件句主句与将来事实相反的假设1、If+主语+动词过去式2、If+主语+wereto+动词原形3、If+主语+should+动词原形主语+would(should/might/could)＋动词原形IfImet/weretomeet/shouldmeetObama
