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时间:2020-05-22
《黄土丘陵区梯田果园土壤水分特征-论文.pdf》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、植物营养与肥料学报2013,19(4):964—971JournalofPlantNutritionandFertilizerdoi:10.11674/zwyf.2013.0424黄土丘陵区梯田果园土壤水分特征肖列,薛惹,刘国彬,(1西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100;2中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100)摘要:在干旱半干旱地区,土壤水分是影响作物生长和植被恢复的重要生态因子。采用土钻法对黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域坡耕地、梯田和梯田果园2003~2010年雨季前后的土壤水分状况进行了连续
2、测定,旨在明确梯田种植果树后对土壤水分的长期动态效应,为黄土丘陵区梯田果园的可持续发展提供指导意义。结果表明,坡改梯措施可明显减小0—300cm土层土壤储水量增量的年际变异,提高土壤含水量,减小土壤储水亏缺度,增大降雨对lo0—300cm土层土壤储水亏缺补偿度;梯田果园化后0—300cm土层土壤储水量增量的年际变异呈现较大幅度的波动,200cm以下土壤含水量明显减小,土壤储水亏缺度增大,土壤储水亏缺补偿度由20%降为一10%。由此可见,梯田的蓄水保水量不足以供给果树的蒸腾耗水量,梯田果园化后将导致土壤水分的持续减少,可能导致土壤干层的形成。关键词:黄土丘陵区
3、;梯田果园;土壤水分亏缺;补偿与恢复中图分类号:$606.1;S152.7文献标识码:A文章编号:1008—505X(2013)04—0964—08ilwaterconditionofterracedorchardsinloesshillyandgullyregionsXIAOLie,XUESha一.LIUGuo.bin,(JStateKeyLaboratoryofSoilErosionandDrylandFarmingonLoessPlateau~InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,NorthwestA&FUnivers
4、ity,Yangling,Shaar=i712100,China;2InstituteofSoilandWaterConservation,ChineseAcademyofScienceandMinistryofWaterResource,Yangling,Shaanxi712100,China)Abstract:Soilwaterisanimportantfactorforaffectingplantgrowthanddevelopmentinthearidandsemi—aridareas.Inordertostudyinter—annualdynami
5、csandthecompensationcharacteristicsofsoilwaterdeficitofterracedorchards,thepresentstudyinvestigatedthesoilwatercontentsofslopecroplands,terracedcroplandsandterracedorchardsinlaterAprilandinlaterOctoberfrom2003to2010intheloesshillyandgullyregions.Theresultsshowthattheteracedcropland
6、scansignificantlydecreasetheinter—annualvariationofsoilwaterstoragesinthe0—300cmsoillayer,improvethesoilwatercontent,anddecreasethewaterstoragedeficit.Thesoilwaterstoragesinthe0-300cmsoillayeroftheteracedorchardsaresignificantlyfluctuatedinter—annually,thesoilwatercontentsaredecrea
7、sedremarkablybelow200cmandthewaterdeficitisraised,andthecompensationofthewaterdeficitisdroppedfrom20%to一10%.Inconclusion,thewaterstorageintheteracescannotofferenoughwatertobalancethewaterconsumptionofplantsforevaporation,andtheteracedorchardscanresultinareductionofsoilwaterandfinal
8、lyleadtoasoildrylayer.Keyw
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