中国文化英语教程unite2.ppt

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1、Unit2Laozi'sPhilosophyofNon-actionName：陈立影20162213010王典20162213026ContentLaozi'sLifeandThoughtNaturalnessandNon-actionThePhilosophyofNon-contentionReturningtoaNewbornStateLaozi'sLifeandThoughtLaozi(571-471BC)wealsocalledhimLaoDanisareclusewholivedduringtheSpringandAutumnPerio.Hewassaidtoh

2、aveonceheldalowcivilpositionintheroyalcourt,inchargeofthearchivalrecordsoftheZhouDynasty.TheClassicoftheWayandVirtueistheLaozi'swork,whichconsistsofjust5000Chinesecharacters.Itslengthisshort,butit'sthebasisofDaoismandtheessenceofLaozi'sthought.NaturalnessandNon-actionManyofLaozi'senlighte

3、ningviewsarebasedonLaozi'sphilosophyofnaturalnessandnon-action.“Naturalness”meansthateverythinghasitsownlaws,humansshouldnotbreakthelawofnature.Thisisalsothewaytoresolvingtheconflictsbetweenhumansandnature.Non-actionistheguaranteeof“naturalness”.Andmeansthathumanenterprisesshouldbebuildon

4、thebasisofnaturalness,notonanyatenmptstointerrupttherhythmofnature.AfterLaozi,Zhuangzi(369-286BC)carriedonLaozi'sphilosophyandtoldastoryabouta“uselesstree”.Thestoryisaboutasupertreeandacarpenter.Whilepeoplethrongedtoworshipit,thecarpenterpassedwithoutalook.Andhisapprenticewascurious.Theca

5、rpentertoldhimthatthetreeproductuselesswoodthatwasthereasonwhyithadbeenabletolivesolong.Thewiasdomofthe“uselesstree”liesexactlyinitsuselessness,oritsnaturalness.Whatis“Non-action”?Wuwei:means”non-action”or”totakethingslettheirowncourse”,proposedbyLaoZi,isnotdoingnothing,butcomplytonature,

6、excludestheunnecessaryindulging,andnotreluctantlyusingpeople’spowertointerferethenaturalorsociallawsowndevelopment.老子提出无为，不是什么也不做，而是指要顺应自然，排除不必要的妄为，不要强求人事。ThePhilosophyofNon-contentionOnthebasisof“naturalness”and“non-action”,Laoziproposedtheviewof“overcomingthestrongbybeingweak”.Thisviewi

7、sbasedontheexistenceofwar.AccordingtoLaozi,warspringsfromhumanity'sbloateddesires.Andhethoughtthegreatestvirtueislikewater.WaterisinvinciblebecauseitnourishesalllivingthingsonEarthanddesiresandcontendsfornothing.Waterisweak,howereithasalotofenergy.Ifhumanscanlearnfr