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1、Unit2 EnglisharoundtheworldⅠ.阅读A Thebest-knownexampleofouterinfluencecausinglanguagechangeisthe“Americanization”ofworldculture,whichhascausedEnglishwordstoappearallovertheworld.Theeffectismostnoticeableinpopmusic.ForeigngroupsoftenrecordinEnglish,andthe
2、wordsarepickedupandrepeatedeverywhere,evenbychildrenwhootherwisehavelittleornocommandofthelanguage.IoncemetaBrazilianchildofabouttenwhocouldcount“one,two,three”,butonlybyaddingthewords“o’clock,fouro’clockrock”attheend. Somepeopleareoftenstronglycritical
3、oftheinfluenceofEnglishontheirlanguage—especiallywhenanEnglishwordreplacesatraditionalword.In1977,FrancepassedalawbanningtheuseofEnglishwordsinofficialsituationsifanequivalent(意义相同的)Frenchexpressionexisted—butthelawseemedtobehonouredmoreinthebreakingthan
4、intheobserving.Someothercountrieshaveconsideredintroducingasimilarlawdespitetheevidencethatsuchlawshaveverylittleeffect,andthatthearrivalofloanwords(外来词)cangreatlyenrichalanguage(asindeedinthecaseofEnglishitself,whichhasalonghistoryofwelcomingforeignword
5、s) However,noteveryoneiscritical.Inparticular,commercialfirmsandadvertisersarewellawareofthepotentialsellingpowerthattheuseofEnglishvocabularycanbring.InJapan,Englishisevenusedintelevisioncommercials,despitethefactthatthemajorityofviewerswouldnotunderst
6、andexactlywhatwasbeingsaid:theexcellenceimpliedbythemereuseofEnglishisapparentlyenoughtocommandthestrategytotheadvertisers. MostoftheinfluenceofEnglishisuponthevocabularyofforeignlanguages,butsurveysareslowlybringingtolightseveralcaseswherewordorderorwo
7、rdstructurehasbeenaffected.Sentencesofthetype“Thebooksellswell”,usinganactiveconstructionforapassivemeaning,havebeguntoappearin6Danish(Bogensoelgergodt).SeverallanguageskeeptheEnglishpluralendingwhentheymakeuseofaloanword,anddonottranslateitintothenative
8、form,e.g.drinks.Therearemanyothersuchcases.1.WhycouldtheBrazilianchildspeak“one,two,three”inEnglish?A.Becausehehadseenthesewordseverywhereinthestreet.B.BecausehehadlearnthowtotellthetimeinEnglish.C.Becausehehadmadehimselfm
