太阳能热利用与技术考试题型.doc

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1、Assignmentforsolarthermalconversion(No.1)Thisprobleminvolvescalculationsonfoursurface:(1)verticalwest-facing;(2)verticalnorth-facing;(3)verticalsouth–facing;and(4)horizontal.Theresultsyouwillgeneratearecommonintermediatecalculationsinenergy-consciousbuildingdesign

2、.(Averticaleast-facingsurfaceisomittedduetosymmetrywiththecorrespondingwest-facingwall.)Allcalculationsaretobeperformedfortwodates:(1)21December;(2)21June;andfortwotimesofday:(a)10:00;and(b)13:00localclocktime(notsolartimeandyouneedtoconvertfromlocalclocktimetosol

3、artime).ThelocationisKunmingofChina,latitude=25.01oN,longitude=102.7oE(A)Calculatethecosineoftheincidenceangleforeachofthefoursurfaces,attwodifferenttimesofday,foreachofthetwodates(altogether16calculations)(B)Calculatethesunrise/sunsethour(insolartime)oneachofthef

4、oursurfacesforeachofthetwodates.(C)Calculatethedailytotalextraterrestrialradiation(inMJ/m2)foreachofthefoursurfaces,foreachoftwodates.(Becareful,inyourcalculations,tousethesunrise/sunsethouronthesurfacesthemselves,andbecarefultousethecorrectunitoftimeandhourangle)

5、.AssignmentforSolarThermalConversion(No.2)1.Theknowledgeofthetiltandazimuthforatrackingsolarcollectorisoftenessentialinsystemdesign.Forexample,programmingthemicroprocessorthatcontrolsthetrackingrequiresanalgorithmfortherateatwhichthecollectormustmoveforeachminuteo

6、fthedayandeachdayoftheyear.Anotherexampleistrackingflat-platephotovoltaicsystems.Thecollectortiltangledependsontimeofdayanddayofyear.Thisisimportantinthecalculationofcollectibleenergysincethecollectiblediffuseandground-reflectedradiationbothdependoncollectortiltan

7、gle.Forthefollowingtrackingmodes,deriveexpressionsforboththecollectortiltandthecollectorazimuthasfunctionof:houranglew,solardeclinationangled,andlatitudel.(a)horizontaleast-westaxistracking;(b)horizontalnorth-southaxistracking;(c)polaraxistracking;and(d)two-axistr

8、acking.[Hint:Insomeinstances,alittlebitofthinkingaboutthephysicalpicturecansavehoursofmessyalgebra]2.Buildingsarenotalwaysorientedtowardsduesouthornorth