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1、专题七.动 词这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称,其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词。一.be动词(am,is,are,was,were)1.am—was,is–was,are--were:口诀:我用am,你用are,is用在他她它,所有复数全用are。2.肯定和否定句:Iam(not)fromLondon.Heis(not)ateacher.Sheis(not)inthediningroom.3.一般疑问句:AretheyAmerican?Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.Istheca
2、tfat?Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.4.be动词的否定形式:amnot(没有缩写形式),arenot=aren’t,isnot=isn’t。◆课堂练习一、用be动词的适当形式填空。1.I______aboy.______youaboy?No,I_____not. 2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat. 4.Themanwithbigeyes_______ateacher.5.______yo
3、urbrotherintheclassroom? 6.How_______yourfather?二.助动词(do,does,did)do,does用于一般现在时,其过去式did用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的否定形式:donot=don’t,doesnot=doesn’t,didnot=didn’t。注意:在一般现在时中,does用于第三人称单数,其余一律用助动词do;助动词do,does,did后面一定要用动词原形。◆课堂练习:一、用适当的助动词填空。1
4、.______youlikethismagazine? 2.Thegirl______likebreadforbreakfast.3.---What ______she ______attheweekends?---Sheusuallyplaysgameswithherfriends.4.---What______youdolastSunday?---Iwrotetomyfriend.5.---DidyouseeaBeijingopera?---No,I ______.6.He ______notvisit
5、afarmlastNationalDayholiday. 7.They______notlikeplayingvolleyball.二、行为动词 表示某一动作或行为。如:sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式:原形、第三人称单数:+s/es、现在分词:+ing、过去式:+ed。1.动词第三人称单数变化规则:1).一般直接加“s”,如:play–plays,visit–visits,speak–speaks;2).以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”结尾时,加“es”,如:catch–catche
6、s,watch–watches;3).以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“es”,如:carry–carries,study–studies。2.现在分词构成规则:1).一般直接加“ing”,如:go–going,do–doing,look–looking;2).以不发音的“e”结尾的单词,去“e”加“ing”,如:take–taking,make–making,have–having;3).以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,需要双写这个字母再加“ing”,如:put–putting,sto
7、p–stopping,run–running,get–getting,swim–swimming,sit–sitting,begin–beginning,3.过去式构成规则:1).一般直接加“ed”,如:plant–planted,visit–visited,pick–picked;2).以不发音字母“e”结尾,直接加“ed”,如:like–liked,hope–hoped,taste–tasted;3).以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“ed”,如:try–tried,carry–carried,s
8、tudy–studied;4).以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母要双写最后一个字母,再加“ed”,如:stop–stopped;三.不规则动词变化规则:gowent build built buy boughtfeel felt get got have had