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1、高考英语《任务型阅读》专项练习A请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。PublicSpeakingPublicspeakingcanbedefinedastheactofmakingaspeechinfrontofagroupoflisteners.Comparedwithconversation,usuallypublicspeakingismoreofa“oneway”talking.Therearethreetypesofpublicspeaking.Anin
2、formativespeechhasapurposetoinform,orgiveknowledgetoitsaudienceaboutsomethingthattheyprobablydidnotknowbefore.Theimportantthingtowatchisnottoputintoomuchinformation.Besides,thespeakerwouldtrytochangethemindset,perception,orbehavioroftheaudiencefortheirowngood.Thespeake
3、rneedstolookforcommongroundwiththeaudienceandtrytorelatetowhattheymightagreeon.Thelasttypeisaceremonialspeech.Ittendstobelessformalandmorepersonalthantheothertypesofspeeches.Nomatterhowwellyouknowthepersonyouaregivingspeechabout,trynottosaybadthingsaboutthem,evenifitis
4、meanttobeajoke.Thekeytoperfectinganythingisthroughpractice,includingpublicspeaking.Asidefromit,aspeakeristoknowwhotheaudiencewillbe.Trytogetasmuchinformationaspossibleregardingthisparticulararea.Knowingthe“battlefield”inadvancewillgivethespeakersahugeadvantage.Theywoul
5、dbeabletoplanbeforehand,forexample,wheretheywanttostand,andhowtheyaregoingtofacetheaudience.Last,asismentionedabove,practiceisnecessary.Sparingsometimetopracticewillhelpbuildconfidenceandhelpdeterminehowlongthepresentationwilllast.Languageisthemainaspectaspeakerneedsto
6、payattentiontowhilegivingaspeech.Itneedstobeusedclearly.Aspeakerneedstochoosetheirwordscarefullyandmakeitcleartotheaudiencewhattheymeanbyit.Often,whengivenaspeech,theaudiencelooktothespeakertogivethemsomethingnewanduseful.Thus,thespeakerneedstoknowhowtodelivertheirspee
7、chtofulfilltheaudience’sexpectations.Languageanddeliveryalonewillnotbesufficientifthespeakerdoesnothavethebodylanguage.Themovementandgestureofaspeakeralsoaffecttheaudience.Forexample,ifthespeakerkeepspacingaroundtheroom,itwilldistracttheaudiencefromthetopicandconfuseth
8、em.Whenspeakinginfrontofasmallaudience,youcanlookbrieflyfromonepersontoanother,butinalargeraudience,itisnotbettertodo
