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1、一、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句基本构成1.“介词+关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom(指人)，即：介词+which/whom。（1）Themantowhomyouspokeisateacher.（2）Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.（3）Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,inwhichtherearemanycartoons.注意：当介词放在关系代词的前面时，用在介词后的关系代词不能省略。2.关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替。关系副
2、词实际上是介词＋先行词。其中when=表时间的介词（如：in，at,on,during等）+which；Where=表地点的介词（如：in，at,on,under等）+which；Why=表原因的介词（如：for）+which(1)当先行词表示时间，定语从句中缺少时间状语时，通常用关系副词when引导，此时也可选用表示时间的介词＋which来代替关系副词when。IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.(ontheday=when)(2)当先行词表示地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语时，通常用关系副词where引导，此时也可选用表示地点的介词
3、＋which来代替关系副词where。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.(inthehouse=where)(3)当先行词为reason，定语从句中缺少表示原因状语时，通常用关系副词why引导，此时也可以用forwhich来代替关系副词why。Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.(forthereasons=why)3、whose可转换为“of+关系代词”型。Theyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,ofw
4、hichthedooropenstothesouth.Theylivedinahouse,thedoorofwhichopentothesouth.真题解析：(2012.盐城)1Byaround900AD,thereweremanyplacesinNorthernEurope______theVikingschosetolive.A.inwhichB.whenC.whichD.atwhichA：step1:确定先行词，应当是places，“inNorthernEurope作地点”状语修饰“places且根”据文意不是定语从句修饰的对象。step2:将先行词代入定语
5、从句，“theVikingschosetoliveinplaces，所以定语从句”缺少状语成分解题步骤：step1：分析先行词（人or物）step2:将先行词代入从句中（判断其作什么成分）介词的选择一、看搭配a).介词和先行词的搭配例：Hebuiltatelescopethroughwhichhecouldstudytheskies.Theyearistheunitoftimeinwhichtheearthmakesonetriparoundthesun.b).从句中固定短语的习惯性搭配例：Whoisthegirlwithwhomyoujustshookhands
6、?若介词放在后面的时候关系代词可以用that代替或者省略特例：lookinto/after/for;thinkof;speakof;laughat短语中的介词不能移到关系代词前例：Thisisthewatchwhichyou’relookingfor.Thisisthequestionwhichithoughtofyesterday二、看关系a).先后，因果关系Theboy’sparentsarebothoutofwork,asaresultofwhichhehastogethelpfromacharity.IlistenandspeakEnglisheveryd
7、ay,bymeansofwhichmyEnglishhasimprovedalot.Hemightbestillsleeping,inwhichcasewehavetogowithouthim.Hespendsmostofhistimestudying,theaimofwhichistoenablehimtogotoafamousuniversitynextyear.b).所属关系介词前可以是some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词Thereare30girlstudentsinmyclass
8、,only
