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1、Unit1ALandofDiversityGrammarWhatIwanttodoistogohomeimmediately.IsaidthatIwanttogohomeimmediately.MyhopeisthatIwanttohomeimmediately.Thefactthattheearthgoesaroundthesunisacceptablenow.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句1.基本结构:引导词+从句(陈述句语序)相当于一个名词成分,在句中作主语,宾语,表语。2.如何确定引导词:主语从句宾语从句表语从句引导词同位语从句连词:that,wheth
2、er,if连接代词:which,what,who,whom,whatever,whoever等连接副词:when,where,why,how连接“形容词”:“which,whose,what+noun”充当引导词。主语从句宾语从句连词:that,whether,if连接代词:which,what,who,whom,连接副词:when,where,why,how连接“形容词”:“which,whose,what+noun”充当引导词。that引导宾语从句时，可以省略。表语从句连词:that,whether,asif,asthough连接代词:which,what,wh
3、o,whom连接副词:when,where,why,how同位语从句一般放在抽象性名词fact,news,idea,thought,truth,demand,proposal,suggestion等词之后，以具体说明这些名词的含义.一般用that引导，不可以省略。3.主语从句的注意事项:that作引导词时只起连接作用,本身无意义,也不充当句子成分,但是不能省略。what与whatever的区别:-ever表增强语气,“无论…”。Whathesaidistrue./Whateverhesaidistrue.3)用it作形式主语时,主语从句作真实的主语。E.g.:Iti
4、sknownthatthecompasswasinventedbytheChinese.Itissaidthathehasgotmarried.Doesitmattermuchthathewillnotcome?Howstrangeitisthattheboyaresoquite?4.宾语从句的注意事项:1)关于that的省略:that作引导词时只起连接作用,本身无意义,也不充当句子成分,在口语或非正式文件中可以省略。当谓语动词后出现多个并列的宾语从句并列时,往往只有第一个that可以省略。IforgotthatmyresearchpaperwasdueonTues
5、dayandthatmyteacherhadsaidthathewouldnotacceptlatepapers.XieLeitoldmethatshefeelsmuchmoreathomenowandthatthingsthathadseemedverystrangeatthebeginningnowappearquitenormal.2)只用whether而不用if的情况。当宾语是不定式时:Idon’tknowwhethertogoortostay.当跟有ornot时:当宾语是介词引导的从句时:Italldependsonwhetheryouhaveenough
6、time.为了强调,将宾语从句放在句首时:whetheryouarerightornot,Idon’tknowyet.3)用it作形式宾语时,通常将宾语从句移至补语的后面,即:“主+谓+it+宾语的补语+宾语从句”。Shemadeitarulethatshegotearlyeverymorning.Shemadeitclearthatitwasnotherfault.3)宾语从句的否定前移:Idon’tthinkyouareright.Think,believe,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess,assume…*相对应的反意疑问
7、句?4)suggest,advise,order,command,insist,require,request等动词常接含虚拟语气的宾语从句:should+V原。5)动词wish后的宾语从句也用虚拟语气。IwishIwereabird. IwishthatIhadmethimyesterday.5.表语从句的注意事项:If一般不用于引导表语从句.如主句的主语是名词idea,advice, suggestion,order,proposal等词时, 表语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。E.g.:Myideaisthatweshouldsticktoourplan.3)
