重载铁路钢轨磨耗演变过程的数值模拟.pdf

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1、第３６卷第１０期铁道学报Vol畅３６No畅１０２０１４年１０月JOURNALOFTHECHINARAILWAYSOCIETYOctober２０１４文章编号：１００１‐８３６０（２０１４）１０‐００７０‐０６重载铁路钢轨磨耗演变过程的数值模拟王璞，高亮，蔡小培（北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院，北京１０００４４）摘要：建立重载铁路钢轨磨耗演变的数值仿真模型。基于UM软件建立货车‐轨道耦合动力模型，对减振楔块、心盘等细部构件精细建模，采用多点‐面接触模型模拟部件间各种接触摩擦，并充分考虑部件间隙。基于Hertz理论及FASTSIM算法进行轮轨接触计算；基于Spe

2、cht材料磨损模型进行钢轨磨耗计算，根据磨损程度采用不同磨耗系数。针对各种车型和通过速度，开展多工况计算并设置权重因子，模拟线路实际行车条件。为提高数值计算稳定性，基于累积磨耗深度更新钢轨型面；基于磨耗演变模型研究重载铁路不同地段钢轨磨耗的发展规律。结果表明：曲线地段钢轨磨耗比直线地段严重；曲线外轨侧磨明显，内轨磨耗相对较轻，主要分布在轨头中部，外轨磨耗大于内轨；圆曲线地段外轨磨耗强于缓和曲线地段，而内轨磨耗弱于缓和曲线地段；直线地段左右钢轨磨耗相差不大，均主要分布在轨头中部。关键词：重载铁路；钢轨磨耗演变；车辆‐轨道耦合动力学；轮轨滚动接触；数值模拟中

3、图分类号：U２１３畅４２文献标志码：Adoi：１０畅３９６９／j畅issn畅１００１‐８３６０畅２０１４畅１０畅０１２NumericalSimulationofRailWearEvolutionofHeavy‐hualRailwaysWANGPu，GAOLiang，CAIXiao‐pei（SchoolofCivilEngineering，BeijingJiaotongUniversity，Beijing１０００４４，China）Abstract：Thenumericalsimulationmodelforrailwearevolutionofheavy‐

4、haulrailwayswasestablished．Thefreightcar‐trackcouplingdynamicmodelswereestablishedbythemulti‐bodydynamicssoftwareUM．Vehiclecomponents（vibrationattenuationwedges，centerplates，etc）weremodeledindetail．Contactinteractionswithfrictionbetweencomponentsweredescribedbythepoints‐planecont

5、actmodelsandtherealclearancesbetweenpartswereconsidered．Thewheel‐railcontactcalculationswerebasedontheHertz’stheoryandthealgorithmFASTSIM．TherailwearlosseswereevaluatedusingtheSpechtmodelanddifferentwearcoefficientswerea‐doptedaccordingtothewearintensity．Dynamicsimulationsweremad

6、erespectivelyforcasesofvehiclesofdif‐ferenttypesandatdifferentpassingvelocitiesandweightcoefficientswereintroducedtosimulatetheactualdrivingconditions．Inordertoincreasethestabilityofnumericalcalculation，therailprofileupdatewasbasedontheaccumulatedweardepth．Finally，thelawsofrailwe

7、arevolutionindifferentsectionswerestudiedbythewearevolutionmodel．Theresultsshowasfollows：Railwearincurvesismoreseriousthanintangentsections；forcurves，sidewearoftheouterrailisobvious，wearoftheinnerrailisrelativelyslightanddistributedinthemiddleofrailheadandwearoftheouterrailisseve

8、rerthanthatoftheinnerrail；incircularcurv