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1、HISTORYOFROMAN-1ChapterVIII:StateOfPersionAndRestorationOfTheMonarchy.PartI.OfTheStateOfPersiaAfterTheRestorationOfTheMonarchyByArtaxerxes.WheneverTacitusindulgeshimselfinthosebeautifulepisodes,inwhichherelatessomedomestictransactionoftheGermansoroftheP
2、arthians,hisprincipalobjectistorelievetheattentionofthereaderfromauniformsceneofviceandmisery.FromthereignofAugustustothetimeofAlexanderSeverus,theenemiesofRomewereinherbosom-thetyrantsandthesoldiers;andherprosperityhadaverydistantandfeebleinterestinthe
3、revolutionsthatmighthappenbeyondtheRhineandtheEuphrates.Butwhenthemilitaryorderhadlevelled,inwildanarchy,thepoweroftheprince,thelawsofthesenate,andeventhedisciplineofthecamp,thebarbariansoftheNorthandoftheEast,whohadlonghoveredonthefrontier,boldly51用心爱心
4、专心attackedtheprovincesofadecliningmonarchy.Theirvexatiousinroadswerechangedintoformidableirruptions,and,afteralongvicissitudeofmutualcalamities,manytribesofthevictoriousinvadersestablishedthemselvesintheprovincesoftheRomanEmpire.Toobtainaclearerknowledg
5、eofthesegreatevents,weshallendeavortoformapreviousideaofthecharacter,forces,anddesignsofthosenationswhoavengedthecauseofHannibalandMithridates.Inthemoreearlyagesoftheworld,whilsttheforestthatcoveredEuropeaffordedaretreattoafewwanderingsavages,theinhabit
6、antsofAsiawerealreadycollectedintopopulouscities,andreducedunderextensiveempires,theseatofthearts,ofluxury,andofdespotism.TheAssyriansreignedovertheEast,^1tillthesceptreofNinusandSemiramisdroppedfromthehandsoftheirenervatedsuccessors.TheMedesandtheBabyl
7、oniansdividedtheirpower,andwerethemselvesswallowedupinthemonarchyofthePersians,whosearmscouldnotbeconfinedwithinthenarrowlimitsofAsia.Followed,asitissaid,bytwomillionsofmen,Xerxes,thedescendantofCyrus,invadedGreece.Thirtythousandsoldiers,underthecommand
8、ofAlexander,theson51用心爱心专心ofPhilip,whowasintrustedbytheGreekswiththeirgloryandrevenge,weresufficienttosubduePersia.TheprincesofthehouseofSeleucususurpedandlosttheMacedoniancommandovertheEast.Aboutthesametime,that,byanignominioust
