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1、SectionⅣ Grammar限制性定语从句1．(教材P29)Iknowyou’redyingtohearallaboutmylifehere,soI’veincludedsomephotoswhichwillhelpyoupicturetheplacesItalkabout.2．(教材P29)Theboyswhohadnevercomeacrossanythinglikethisbeforestartedjumpingoutofthewindows.3．(教材P29)Butlastweekendanotherteacher,Jenny,andIdidvisitavilla
2、gewhichisthehomeofoneoftheboys,Tombe.4．(教材P29)Wewalkedfortwoandahalfhourstogetthere—firstupamountaintoaridgefromwherewehadfantasticviewsandthendownasteeppathtothevalleybelow.1．定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句。定语从句一般置于被修饰的词之后，且有引导词引导。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。2．引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。3．定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语
3、从句。关系代词1．关系代词who,whom和whose关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分who人主语、宾语、表语whom人宾语whose人/物定语◆(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)IamLiHua,aChinesehighschoolstudentwhostudiesinLondonthissummervacation.(作主语)我是李华，一名今年暑假在伦敦学习的中国高中生。◆I’vebecomegoodfriendswithLiHua(who/whom/that)ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.我与去年在英语演讲比赛中结识的李华成了好朋友。(
4、作宾语，可以省略)◆(北京卷)Ilivenextdoortoacouplewhosechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.(作定语)我住在一对夫妻隔壁，他们的孩子们总是弄出很大的响声。(1)who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语，也可省略。如果whom在从句中作介词的宾语且介词提前，则只能用whom。◆Theastronautwithwhomallofusarefamiliarwillvisitourschool.我们大家都熟悉的宇航员将来参观我们的学校。(2)whose既表示人又表示物，在从句中作定语，往往修饰名词，whose常表达“某人的，某物的”之
5、意。whose表示物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋ofwhich。◆Theschoolshop,whosecustomersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.＝Theschoolshop,thecustomersofwhicharemainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.这家校内商店的主要顾客是学生，放假时商店关门。2．关系代词which和that关系代词先行词在从句中充当的成分which物主语、宾语that人/物主语、宾语、表语◆I’vegotanovel(which/that)you
6、mayliketoread.我弄到一本你或许想看的小说。(作宾语，可省略)◆Viewsthat/whichareentirelynewmaybehardtoaccept.那些全新的观点或许很难被接受。(作主语，不可省略)◆Thenumberofthepeoplewho/thatcometovisitthecityeachyearrisesby15%.来这座城市游览的人数每年增加15%。(指人，作主语)3．使用关系代词时应注意的问题(1)关系代词只用that不用which的几种情况：①当先行词为all,everything,nothing,anything,little,muc
7、h等不定代词时。◆Youshouldhandinallthatbelongstoyou.你应该把属于你的所有东西交上来。②当先行词被very,both,theonly,all,every,no,any,little,much,some等修饰时。◆Theonlythingthatwecandoisgiveyousomeadvice.我们唯一能做的就是给你一些建议。③当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时。◆Thisisthebestwaythathasbeenusedagainstpollution.这是被用来对
