托福听力笔记符号及简写规则-智课教育旗下智课教育

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1、智课网托福备考资料托福听力笔记符号及简写规则-智课教育旗下智课教育托福听力考试中我们常常需要做笔记，借助笔记符号会提高我们做笔记的速度。本文小编为大家总结了一些速记符号以及简写的规则，希望能给大家带来帮助。下面是智课教育小编为大家整理的一些托福听力笔记符号及简写规则，掌握这些符号和规则可以大大提高记笔记的速度。下面大家一起来学习一下吧。AbbreviationsinNotetakingUseonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewa

2、bbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime.Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.S=sumf=frequencyLeaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.cf=comparee.g.=exampledept=departmentUseonlythefirstsyllableofaword.pol=politicsdem=democracylib=liberalcap=capitalismUseentirefirstsylla

3、bleandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.pres=presentationsubj=subjectind=individualcons=conservativeEliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.assoc=associatebiol=biologyinfo=informationach=achievementchem=chemistrymax=maximumintro=introductionconc=concentrationmin=m

4、inimumrep=repetitionOmitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.ppd=preparedprblm=problemestmt=estimatebkgd=backgroundgvt=governmentUseanapostropheinplaceofletters.am't=amountcont'd=continuedgov't=governmenteducat'l=educationalFormthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedw

5、ordbyaddings.chpts=chaptersegs=examplesfs=frequenciesintros=introductionsUsegtorepresentingendings.ckg=checkingestg=establishingdecrg=decreasingexptg=experimentingSpelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.Leaveoutu

6、nimportantwords.Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.&=andw/=withw/o=with

7、outvs=against=therefore==isorequalUsetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.zb=German,forexampleibid=Latin,thesameworko=degreesH2O=waterMorereference:Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:+plus//parallelUsestandardabbreviationsandl